The Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan is a plan for the implementation of monitoring and guidance conducted by the national government with respect to imported foods (Article 23, paragraph 1 of the Act).
Contact:
Office of Import Food Safety,
Inspection and Safety Division,
Department of Food Safety,
Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau,
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
(Extension 2495, 2474, 2498)
Inspection Results of Imported Foods Monitoring
and Guidance Plan for FY 2013
Interim Report
December 2013
Department of Food Safety
Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
Inspection Results of Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2013 (Interim Report)
1. Introduction
In order to monitor and provide instructions to ensure the safety of foods, etc., imported into Japan (hereafter referred to as “imported foods, etc.”), the government established the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan in 2013 (hereinafter, “the plan”). The plan is based on the guidelines for monitoring and providing instructions in food sanitation (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Notification No. 301, 2003) as per the regulations of Article 23, Paragraph 1 of the Food Sanitation Act (Act No. 233, 1947; hereinafter, “the Act”); public comments were collected and risk communication was conducted. The plan was published in the Official Gazette as an official report according to the regulations of Paragraph 3 of the same article, and the monitoring and instruction for imported foods, etc., is being conducted based upon the plan.
This document presents an outline of the implementation status of the monitoring and instruction for imported foods, etc., conducted in accordance with the plan, for the period April to September 2013.
Reference: Website on “Safety of Imported Food”
https://www.mhlw.go.jp/topics/yunyu/tp0130-1.html
2. Overview of the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2013
(1) What is the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan?
[Objective] To ensure greater safety of imported foods by promoting the national government to conduct inspections at the time of importation and to conduct monitoring of and guidance for importers in an intensive, effective and efficient manner.
(2) Principles for Monitoring and Guidance on Imported Foods
Under the Article 4 of the Food Safety Basic Act (Act No.48 of 2003) (that is, food safety shall be ensured by taking appropriate measures at each stage of the domestic and overseas food supply process), the Plan is prepared in order that three stages of sanitation measures are taken, namely, in the exporting country, at the time of importation, and at the time of domestic distribution.
(3) Priority Items for Monitoring and Guidance
- Confirmation of whether violations of the Act exist at the time of import declaration
- Monitoring *1 (Plan for 2013: 93,700 items across 168 food groups)
- Inspection orders *2 (as of September 30, 2013: 17 items from all exporting countries and 75 items from 26 countries and 1 region)
- Regulations for comprehensive import bans *3
- Emergency responses based on overseas information, etc.
(4) Promotion of Sanitation Measures in Exporting Countries
- Requests to the governments of exporting countries for the establishment of sanitation control measures
- Strengthening of control for agricultural chemicals, etc. and monitoring systems, and the promotion of pre-export inspections, through on-site inspections and bilateral talks
(5) Guidance for Importers on Voluntary Sanitation Control
- Pre-import guidance (so-called “import consulting”)
- Guidance for voluntary inspections at initial importation and on a regular basis
- Instructions on the preparing and keeping of records
- Dissemination of knowledge on food sanitation to importers, etc.
*1: Systematic inspections based on statistical concepts that take into account the volume of imports and violation rates, etc., for each food type.
*2: With regard to items having a high probability of being in violation of the Act, inspections are ordered to the importer by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare at each importation. Items are not permitted to import or distribute unless the results of the inspection comply with the regulations.
*3: Regulations by which the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare can prevent the sale or import of specified foods, without the need for inspections, in cases where it is deemed necessary from the perspective of preventing harm to public health.
3. Inspection Results of Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2013 (Interim Report: Tentative)
Looking at the declarations, inspections and violations made from April through September of 2013 (Table 1), there were 1,106,117 [1,107,698] declarations, and the weight of declared items was 12,321,000 [12,276,000] tons.
Inspections were carried out on 104,766 items (there were inspection orders on 30,983 items, monitoring on 29,396 items, and voluntary inspections on 48,859 items) [117,456 items (inspection orders on 44,962 items, monitoring on 30,895 items, and voluntary inspections on 48,702 items)]. Of these, 562 cases [492 cases] were found to be in violation of the Act, and steps were taken for their re-shipment, disposal, etc.
Records of violations categorized by Article (Table 2) show that violations of Article 11 of the Act, which is related to microbiological criteria for food, standards on residual agricultural chemicals and standards for the use of additives, were most common in 296 instances, followed by violations of Article 6, which is related to contamination with hazardous or toxic substances such as aflatoxin, in 213 instances, violations of Article 10, which is related to restrictions on the sale of additives, in 38 instances, violations of Article 18, which is related to standards for apparatus or containers and packaging, in 22 instances, violations of Article 9, which is related to non-attachment of sanitary certificates of meat or meat products, in 15 instances, and violations of Article 18 (applied mutatis mutandis to Article 62) of the Act, which is related to standards for toys, in 4 instances.
Records of monitoring in FY 2013 (Table 3) show that, out of a total of 93,711 planned inspections, 54,103 were actually conducted (That’s an implementation rate of about 60%). Of these, a total of 86 constituted violations of the Food Sanitation Act, resulting in recalls and enhanced monitoring to identify possible future violations (Table 4). Additionally, as a result of enhanced monitoring, the monitoring system has been strengthened for imported foods, etc. which are considered to have a high probability of violating the Food Sanitation Act, by making them subject to inspection orders and requiring importers to undergo inspections at the time of import (Table 5).
As of September 30, 2013, inspection orders had been applied to 17 items from all exporting countries and 75 items from 26 countries and 1 region. The record of inspection orders (Table 6) shows that a total of 53,116 inspection orders were conducted and, of these, steps were taken for their re-shipment or disposal, etc. based on 188 violations of the Act.
Based on information from overseas on such topics as recalls of law-violating food products, re-shipment was carried out and the system for monitoring items for importation was enhanced in FY 2013, for issues such as the detection of maleic acid from starch products in Taiwan, the occurrence of salmonella food poisoning after consuming Turkish tahini sesame paste in USA and New Zealand, and the detection of Listeria monocytogenes from natural cheese in USA (Table 7).
Figures in brackets are for the same period in the previous year.
No. of Notifications (cases) *1 |
Amount of Import (1,000 tons) *1 |
No. of Inspections *2 (cases) | Percentage *3 (%) |
No. of Violations (cases) |
Percentage *3 (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1,106,117 | 12,321 | 104,766 (30,983)*4 |
9.5 | 562 | 0.05 |
(previous FY) 1,107,698 |
12,276 | 117,456 | 10.6 | 492 | 0.04 |
*1 Cargoes of planned Import System (excluding time of first importation.) are not included.
*2 Values obtained after excluding overlapping cases from the total values of inspections by governments, registered laboratories, and public organizations of the exporting country.
*3 Proportion of the number of inspections to the number of notifications
*4 Figures relate to inspection orders
Violated Article | No. of Violations | Proportion (%) |
Major Violations |
---|---|---|---|
Article 6 (Distribution of prohibited foods and additives) | 213 | 36.2 | Aflatoxin contamination in corn, peanuts, pistachio nuts, etc.; decay, deterioration and fungus formation due to accidents during the transport of rice, coffee beans, soybeans, etc.; detection of cyanide from fruit preparations; detection of Listeria monocytogenes from unheated meat products; and detection of Kudoa septempunctata spores from flounder |
Article 9 (Limitation on distribution, etc. of diseased meat, etc.) | 15 | 2.6 | Non-attachment of hygiene certificate |
Article 10 (Limitation on distribution, etc. of additives, etc.) | 38 | 6.5 | Use of undesignated additives (TBHQ, azorubin, quinoline yellow, cyclamic acid, patent blue V, sunflower lecithin, etc.) |
Article 11 (Standards and specifications for foods and additives) |
296 | 50.3 | Violation of specifications for vegetables and frozen vegetables (violation of standards for residual pesticides); violation of specifications for seafood and processed products thereof (violation of standards for residual veterinary drug, violation of standards for residual pesticide); violation of specifications for other processed products (positive reaction on coliform bacilli, excess of live bacteria count,, positive reaction on E. coli, etc.); violation of standards for usage of additives (sorbic acid, sodium benzoate, sulfur dioxide, etc.); violation of specifications for additives |
Article 18 (Standards and specifications for instruments and containers/packages) |
22 | 3.7 | Violation of specifications/standards for instruments and containers/packages; violation of specification for raw materials. |
Article 62 (Mutatis mutandis as applied to toys, etc.) |
4 | 0.7 | Violation of specifications for toys or their raw materials. |
Total | 588 (total)*1 562 (number of notified violations)*2 |
*1 Total number of item-by-item inspections
*2 Number of notifications for which inspection was carried out
Food Group | Category of Inspected Items*1 | No. of Programs Planned in FY*2 | No. of Programs Implemented | No. of Violations |
---|---|---|---|---|
Livestock foods Beef, pork, chicken, horse meat, poultry meat, and other meats |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 2,238 | 1,057 | 2 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 1,251 | 994 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 716 | 356 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 133 | 60 | 0 | |
Exposure to radiation | 29 | 23 | 0 | |
Removal of SRM | 4,000 | 1,982 | 1 | |
Processed livestock foods Natural cheeses, meat products, ice cream, frozen products (meat products), and other products |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 2,183 | 1,162 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 1,224 | 809 | 0 | |
Additives | 1,366 | 926 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 2,178 | 1,122 | 1 | |
Standards for constituents | 1,375 | 941 | 2 | |
Seafood products Bivalves, fish, shellfish (shrimps, prawns, crabs) and other products |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 3,112 | 1,598 | 3 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 2,573 | 1,484 | 0 | |
Additives | 177 | 121 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 1,074 | 836 | 1 | |
Standards for constituents | 485 | 396 | 0 | |
Exposure to radiation | 29 | 20 | 0 | |
Processed seafoods Processed fish products (fillet, dried or minced fish, etc.), frozen food (seafood, fish), processed fish roe products, and other products |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 4,417 | 2,728 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 3,156 | 2,279 | 0 | |
Additives | 1,633 | 1,272 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 5,203 | 2,393 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 3,435 | 1,861 | 15 | |
Exposure to radiation | 5 | 3 | 0 | |
Agricultural foods Vegetables, fruit, wheat, barley, corn, beans, peanuts, nuts, seeds, and other products |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 1,510 | 1,379 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 11,738 | 7,402 | 31 | |
Additives | 1,074 | 799 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 1,495 | 1,128 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 236 | 143 | 0 | |
Mycotoxins | 2,388 | 1,550 | 1 | |
GMOs | 354 | 211 | 0 | |
Exposure to radiation | 119 | 94 | 0 | |
Processed agricultural foods Frozen products (processed vegetables), processed vegetable products, processed fruit products, spices, instant noodles, and other products |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 299 | 233 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 8,448 | 4,963 | 9 | |
Additives | 3,832 | 2,851 | 4 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 477 | 367 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 2,054 | 1,472 | 2 | |
Mycotoxins | 2,953 | 1,571 | 3 | |
GMOs | 128 | 73 | 2 | |
Exposure to radiation | 424 | 240 | 3 | |
Other foods Health foods, soups, flavourings, seasonings, sweets, edible oils, fat, frozen products, and other products |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 535 | 433 | 0 |
Additives | 3,104 | 1,643 | 1 | |
Standards for constituents | 627 | 286 | 4 | |
Mycotoxins | 895 | 550 | 1 | |
Drinks and beverages Mineral water, soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, and other products |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 178 | 170 | 0 |
Additives | 1,015 | 633 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 477 | 376 | 0 | |
Mycotoxins | 118 | 56 | 0 | |
Additives Equipment, containers and packages Toys |
Standards for constituents | 2,241 | 1,055 | 0 |
Total (number) 5,000 was added to the No. of Programs Planned in FY as “foods subject to enhanced monitoring inspections.” |
93,711 | 54,103 Rate of program implemented: about 60% |
86 |
*1: Examples of tested substances
- - Antibacterial substances, etc.: antibiotics, synthetic antimicrobials, hormone drugs, etc.
- - Residual agricultural chemicals: organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamates, pyrethroid, etc.
- - Additives: preservatives, coloring agents, sweetener, antioxidant, antimold agents, etc.
- - Pathogenic Microorganism:enterohemorrhagic E. coli O26, O104, O111 and O157, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, etc.
- - Standards for constituents, etc.: Items stipulated in the compositional standards (bacteria count, coliform bacteria, radioactive substances, etc.), shellfish poisons (diarrhetic shellfish toxin, paralytic shellfish poison), etc.
- - Mycotoxin: aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol, patulin, etc.
- - Genetically modified organisms (GMO): genetically modified foods, etc. that have not been assessed for safety.
- - Exposure to radiation: whether the item is exposed to radiation
*2:The number of item-by-item programs planned of antibacterial substances, agricultural chemicals, etc.
Country/Region | Subject Foods | Test Items |
---|---|---|
China | Welsh onion | Aldicarb and Aldoxycarb, Famoxadone |
Lychees | 4-CPA, Triazophos | |
White Croaker | Enrofloxacin | |
Oolong tea | Propham | |
Sea urchin (for raw consumption) | Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3 | |
Large peanuts | Acetochlor | |
Wood ears | Chlorpyrifos | |
Kale | Hexachlorobenzene | |
Burdock | Paclobutrazol | |
Taro | Paclobutrazol | |
Chinese chive | Phoxim | |
Bell pepper | Difenoconazole | |
Cultured shrimp | Furazolidone | |
Cultured tokobushi | Furazolidone | |
Green tea | Propham | |
Thailand | Green asparagus | Atrazine, Diuron |
Immature peas | Famoxadone | |
Okra | Isoprothiolane | |
Pandanus palm leaf | Chlorpyrifos | |
Papaya | Genetically modified papaya unapproved for safety. (PRSV-SC) | |
Mulukhiya | Hexaconazole | |
South Korea | Perilla | Indoxacarb, Ethoprophos, Diniconazole |
Arch shell (for raw consumption) | Vibrio parahaemolyticus*4 | |
Red hot pepper | Difenoconazole | |
Tairagikai (Atrina pectinata) (for raw consumption) | Vibrio parahaemolyticus*4 | |
Ghana | Cacao beans | 2,4-D, Cypermethrin |
Philippines | Sea urchin (for raw consumption) | Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3 |
Banana | Fipronil | |
USA | Soybeans | Fluazifop |
Rutabaga | Bifenthrin | |
Vietnam | Bell pepper | Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole |
Italy | Processed pistachio products | Aflatoxin |
Iran | Processed pistachio products | Aflatoxin |
Indonesia | Coffee beans | Carbaryl |
Uganda | Coffee beans | Chlorpyrifos |
Australia | Orange | Diuron |
Canada | Beef | Enterohemorrhagic E. coli |
Cote d'Ivoire | Cacao beans | 2,4-D |
Sudan | Sesame seed | 2,4-D |
Serbia | Cherry | Flutriafol |
Tanzania | Sesame seed | Imidacloprid |
Nicaragua | Sesame seed | Triazophos |
New Zealand | Cabbage | Cyproconazole |
Panama | Beef | Ivermectin |
Bangladesh | Cumin seed | Profenofos |
Brazil | Wheat | Pirimiphos-methyl |
France | Apple juice | Patulin |
Peru | Quinoa | Methamidophos |
Belgium | Chicory | Thiabendazole |
Bolivia | Kidney beans | Flutriafol |
Myanmar | Sesame seed | Carbaryl |
Mexico | Guava | Cypermethrin |
*1 In 2013, enhanced monitoring inspections, which are to be implemented after a violation has been detected, were usually conducted on 30% of all import declarations. Items which had seen inspection orders rescinded as a result of import or inspection results were also handled in the same way. However, if no similar violations were detected within 60 enhanced monitoring inspections or within 1 year, the items were returned to the normal inspection system.
*2 Excludes items in Table 5.
*3 As a measure to enhance inspections during the summer period, all (100%) import declarations were inspected (June-Oct 2013).
*4 As a measure to enhance inspections during the summer period, 30% of import declarations were inspected (June-Oct 2013)
Country/Region | Subject food | Test Item |
---|---|---|
Thailand | Mangos (excluding the specified exporters) | Chlorpyrifos, Propiconazole |
Red hot pepper | Triazophos | |
Okra (excluding the specified exporters) | EPN | |
Green asparagus (excluding the specified exporters) | EPN | |
China | Oolong tea | Indoxacarb |
Foods (limited to the specified manufacturers) | Cyclamic acid | |
Soft-shelled turtle | Enrofloxacin | |
Flowering fern | Acetochlor | |
Italy | Chestnut | Aflatoxin |
Unheated meat products (limited to the specified manufacturers) | Listeria monocytogenes | |
South Korea | Cultured olive flounder(limited to the specified farmers) | Enrofloxacin, kudoa septempunctata |
Spain | Processed almond products | Aflatoxin |
Unheated meat products (limited to the specified manufacturers) | Listeria monocytogenes | |
India | Chickpea | Aflatoxin |
Austria | Horseradish | Difenoconazole |
Taiwan | Foods (limited to the specified manufacturers) | Cyclamic acid |
Paraguay | Sesame seed | Carbaryl |
USA | Natural cheese (limited to the specified manufacturers) | Listeria monocytogenes |
Morocco | Chaste tree berries | Aflatoxin |
Country/Region | Main subject foods | Main test items | No. of tests |
No. of violations |
---|---|---|---|---|
All exporting countries (17 items) |
Peanut, Almond, Chili pepper, etc. | Aflatoxin | 5,176 | 31 |
Beans containing cyanide, Cassava | Cyanide | 271 | 3 | |
Salted salmon roe | Nitrite | 229 | 1 | |
China (24 items) |
Vegetables, Fish, Shellfish, etc. (Carrot, Welsh onion, Spinach, Bivalves, etc.) |
Triadimenol, Aldicarb sulfoxide, Endrin, Dieldrin (including Aldrin), Prometryn, etc. | 10,428 | 20 |
Eel, Shrimp, Soft-shelled turtle, etc. | Chlortetracycline, Malachite green, Sulfamethoxazole, Enrofloxacin, Oxolinic acid, etc. | 4,456 | 0 | |
Bivalves | Paralytic shellfish poison, Diarrhetic shellfish toxin | 3,480 | 0 | |
All processed foods | Cyclamic acid | 324 | 0 | |
Chinese pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum), White pepper | Aflatoxin | 29 | 0 | |
Thailand (10 items) |
Okura, Green asparagus, Mango, Kaffir lime leaves, Immature peans, etc. | EPN, Chlorpyrifos, Profenofos, Propiconazole, etc. |
667 | 2 |
South Korea (10 items) |
Bivalves | Paralytic shellfish poison, Diarrhetic shellfish toxin | 118 | 0 |
Freshwater clam, Green chili | Simeconazole, Endosulfan | 36 | 1 | |
Eel | Ofloxacin, Oxolinic acid | 6 | 0 | |
Arch shells | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 2 | 0 | |
Olive flounder | Kudoa septempunctata | 1 | 0 | |
India (7 items) |
Farm-raised shrimp and prawn | Furazolidone, Ethoxyquin | 1,292 | 3 |
Cumin seeds, Chickpea, Red pepper, Black tea, etc. | Profenofos, Glyphosate, Triazophos, Hexaconazole | 59 | 2 | |
Cassia seeds, Chickpea | Aflatoxin | 46 | 1 | |
Italy (6 items) |
Unheated meat products, Cheese | Listeria monocytogenes | 466 | 5 |
Chestnut, Pistachio nuts processed food | Aflatoxin | 183 | 1 | |
Parsley | Difenoconazole | 1 | 0 | |
Others (21 countries and 1 region, total 37 items) | 25,846 | 118 | ||
Total | 53,116 | 188 |
Month of enhancement |
Subject country |
Subject food and details | Background and status |
---|---|---|---|
May | Taiwan | Starch products (May contain maleic acid) |
Information was received stating that in Taiwan, maleic acid was detected in starch products and the relevant products were being voluntarily recalled. When the import notification was mare for such recall products, steps were taken for reshipment. |
June | Turkey | Tahini sesame paste and its processed products (May be contaminated with Salmonella) |
Information was received stating that in USA and New Zealand food poisoning occurred due to Salmonella and tahini sesame paste and its processed products, made by a manufacturer in Turkey, were being voluntarily recalled with relation to the food poisoning. When the import notification was made for such recall products, steps were taken for reshipment, and in case that there may be no safety problems due to the heating process, etc., steps to inform MHLW were taken. |
June | France | Soft and semi-soft type natural cheese (May be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes) |
Information was received stating that in France, Listeria monocytogenes were detected in soft and semi-soft type natural cheese made in France, and the relevant products were being voluntarily recalled.When the import notification was made for the soft and semi-soft type natural cheese made by the relevant manufacturer, steps were taken for reshipment. |
July | USA | Soft and semi-soft type natural cheese (May be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes) |
Information was received stating that in USA food poisoning occurred due to Listeria monocytogenes and soft and semi-soft natural cheeses were recalled. When the import notification was made for such recall products, steps were taken for reshipment. |
July | Chile | Chicken and its processed products (May be contaminated with dioxins) |
Information was received stating that dioxins were detected in chicken processed in FAENADORA SAN VICENTE LIMITADA, Chile, and the issuance of hygiene certificates had been suspended for chicken processed in the relevant facility. When the import notification was made for the chicken processed in the relevant facility, steps were taken for reshipment. |
September | UK | Smoked salmon (May be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes) |
Information was received stating that in UK Listeria monocytogenes were detected in smoked salmon, and the relevant product was being voluntarily recalled. When the import notification was made for such recall products, steps to respond to recall in the exporting country, etc. for the relevant product were taken. |
Term | Description |
---|---|
Nitrite | Additives (coloring agent) |
Acetochlor | Agricultural chemical (anilide herbicide) |
Azorubin | Undesignated additive |
Aflatoxin | Mycotoxin (produced by the fungus Aspergillus, etc.) |
Aldicarb sulfoxide | Agricultural chemical (insecticide) |
Sodium benzoate | Additives (preservative) |
Genetic modification | Technology such as fragmentation of bacterial genes, followed by arrangement of the gene sequences or introducing the arranged genes into other organism's genes. |
Imidacloprid | Agricultural chemical (chloronicotinyl insecticide) |
Indoxacarb | Agricultural chemical (oxadiazon insecticide) |
Ethoxyquin | Agricultural chemical ∙ feed additives (growth regulator ∙ antioxidant) |
Endosulfan | Agricultural chemical (organochlorine insecticide) |
Endrin | Agricultural chemical (organochlorine insecticide) |
Enrofloxacin | Veterinary drug (new quinolone synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Oxolinic acid | Veterinary drug (quinolone synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Ofloxacin | Veterinary drug (new quinolone synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Galactooligosaccharide | An oligosaccharide mainly constituted by galactose units |
Quinoline yellow | Undesignated additive |
Glyphosate | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorous herbicide) |
Chromium | A metal element |
Chlortetracycline | Veterinary drug (tetracycline antibiotic) |
Chlorpyrifos | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorous insecticide) |
Chlorfenapyr | Agricultural chemical (insecticide) |
Diarrhetic shellfish toxin | Shellfish poison (mainly refers to toxins produced by a harmful plankton accumulated in clams) |
Cyclamic acid | Undesignated additive |
Salmonella spp. | Pathogenic microorganism (bacteria widely occurring in natural environments. They mainly contaminate chicken eggs and meat to cause stomachache, diarrhea and fever.) |
Cyanide | Harmful or poisonous compound (Cyanide-related compounds (e.g., cyanogenic glycoside) found in vegetables such as some varieties of beans) |
Diuron | Agricultural chemical (herbicide) |
Difenoconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide) |
Cypermethrin | Agricultural chemical (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Simeconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide) |
Sulfamethoxazole | Synthetic antimicrobial (sulfur agent) |
Sorbic acid | Additives (preservative) |
Dioxins | Unintended by-products that are naturally generated in the heating process of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and chlorine |
Thiabendazole | Agricultural chemical (heterocyclic fungicide) |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus | Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium living in seawater (estuaries, coastal areas, etc.) that commonly contaminates fish and shellfish, and causes abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, fever and vomiting) |
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli | Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that normally lives in the intestines of animals. It contaminates foods and drinking water by way of feces and urine, and causes acute abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea together with large amounts of fresh blood after early cold-like symptoms) |
Dieldrin (including Aldrin) | Agricultural chemical (organochlorine insecticide) |
Deoxynivalenol | Mycotoxin (produced by a fungus of Fusarium genus) |
Tetracycline antibiotic | General name for antibiotics having a particular spectrum, e.g. oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, tetracycline, etc. |
Triadimenol | Agricultural chemical (phenoxy fungicide) |
Triazophos | Agricultural chemical (phenoxy insecticide) |
Sulfur dioxide | Additives (antioxidant) |
Paclobutrazol | Agricultural chemical (triazole plant growth regulator) |
Patulin | Mycotoxin (produced by fungi of the genus Penicillium, Aspergillus, etc.) |
Patent blue V | Undesignated additive |
Haloxyfop | Agricultural chemical (organochlorine herbicide) |
Pirimiphos-methyl | Agricultural chemical (insecticide) |
Pyrimethanil | Agricultural chemical (pyrimidine fungicide) |
Furazolidone | Veterinary drug (nitrofuran synthetic antimicrobial), generates AOZ when metabolized |
Propiconazole | Agricultural chemical (heterocyclic fungicide) |
Profenofos | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Prometryn | Agricultural chemical (triazine herbicide) |
Hexaconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide) |
Paralytic shellfish poison | Shellfish poison (mainly refers to toxins produced by a harmful plankton accumulated in clams) |
Malachite green | Veterinary drug (triphenylmethane synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Maleic acid | Undesignated additive |
Methamidophos | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Methoxyfenozide | Agricultural chemical (insecticide) |
Listeria monocytogenes | Pathogenic microorganism (A normal flora in the natural environment that contaminates milk products and processed meat products, and causes influenza-like symptoms including tiredness and fever) |
2,4-D | Agricultural chemical (phenoxy acid herbicide) |
EPN | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Kudoa septempunctata | A parasite causing food poisoning (Myxosporidia) |
TBHQ | Undesignated additive |