The survey was taken in conformity with the regulation for the execution of the Basic Survey on Wage Structure (Ministry of Labour Order No. 8 of 1964), as the Designated Statistics No. 94 according to the Statistics Law.
The survey aims at obtaining a clear picture of the wage structure of employees in major industries i.e., wage distribution by type of employment, type of work, occupation, sex, age, school career, length of service and occupational career, etc.
Japan
1) Mining
2) Construction
3) Manufacturing
4) Electricity, Gas, Heat supply and Water
5) Information and Communications
6) Transport
7) Wholesale and Retail trade
8) Finance and Insurance
9) Real Estate
10) Eating and Drinking places, Accommodations
11) Medical, health care and Welfare
12) Education, Learning support
13) Compound services
14) Services, n.e.c.
Establishments selected by a uniform sampling method from among the following establishments that are belonged to the industry and the area for this survey.
1) Establishments with 10 regular employees or more (private establishments and establish- ments of public corporations under Specified Independent Administrative Institutions or the Local Public Corporation Labour Relations Law)
2) Private establishments with 5-9 regular employees
Employees selected by a uniform sampling method from among the establishments that were selected for this survey.
a )Name and address of establishment
b ) Name of main products or kind of business activity
c ) Number of employees by type of employment
d ) Total number of regular employees in enterprise to which the establishment belongs
e ) Starting salary for new graduates and number of appointment
a ) Code number or name of employee
b ) Sex
c ) Type of employment
d ) Type of work
e ) School career
f ) Age
g ) Length of service
h ) Type of worker whether production worker or non-production worker (establishments with 10 employees or more in mining, construction and manufacturing)
ｉ ) Class of position (enterprises with 100 employees or more)
j ) Occupation
k ) Occupational career
l ) Actual number of days worked
m) Actual number of scheduled hours worked
n ) Actual number of overtime worked
o ) Monthly Contractual cash earnings
p ) Overtime allowance
q ) Commuter allowance, regular attendance allowance and family allowance
r ) Annual special cash earnings
1) The survey was conducted as of June 30 (if the end day of payroll period is fixed, as of the last end of payroll period in June) for facts in fixed time such as school career, age, length of service and occupational career.
2) This survey was conducted as for June 1-30 (if the end day of payroll period is fixed, as for one month ending the last end day of payroll period in June) for facts continuing for some items such as days worked, scheduled hours worked, overtime worked, contractual cash earnings and over-time allowance.
3) Annual special cash earnings such as bonus the survey was conducted for the period Janu- ary 1 to December 31 in the previous year (as for workers employed in or after the course of the period, the survey was conducted for one year beginning the day of engagement or the period until June 30).
This survey is conducted every year from July 1 to July 31.
This survey is conducted by staff of Prefectural Labour Bureaus, and is carried out by staff of Labour Standards Inspection Offices and enumerators through field interview.
Tabulation was carried out by the National Statistics Center.
The survey on wage structure has been carried out by the Ministry of Labour once a year since 1948. In 1958, the survey was designated according to the Statistics Law as the Designated Statistics No. 94, and in 1964 its name was changed to the existing appellation and has passed up to the present.
Since then, the survey on a large scale had been carried out every three years, and the survey on a small scale in the other years. But since 1982, the survey has been carried out on the same scale every years.
Industries are based on the Standard Industrial Classification for Japan.
Size of enterprise is shown according to the total number of regular employees in each enterprise.
(1) Employees hired for an indefinite period
(2) Employees hired for longer than one month
(3) Employees hired for less than one month or by the day and who were hired for 18 days or more in April and May
(1) Regular staff for an indefinite period
(2) Regular staff for a definite period
(3) Non-Regular staff for an indefinite period
(4) Non-Regular staff for a definite period
Type of work are classified into 1) ordinary workers (to whom general scheduled working hours are applied) and 2) part-time workers (regular workers whose scheduled working hours a day or a week are less than those of general workers in establishments).
An employee's school career means the highest of his/her history of school graduation or its equivalents.
The term "school" used herein means schools specified by the School Education Law and their equivalents.
School career for those employees who are actually learning but have not finished the full course should be based on schools from which they have graduated or courses which they have finished.
The school career is classified into:
1) graduates of junior high schools,
2) graduates of senior high schools,
3) graduates of higher professional schools and junior colleges, and so on
4) graduates of universities or graduate schools,
As of June 30.
Length of service denote the number of years during which an employee has worked from a date employed to a date surveyed.
Employees are classified into either 1) production workers or 2) supervisory, clerical and technical workers. This classification is applicable only to mining, construction, manufacturing and port transport industries.
Production workers generally include those who engage in operations at production sites or construction sites (including ancillary sections thereof).
Supervisory, clerical and technical workers are those other than the production workers.
Class of position and occupation in which surveyed employees engage include five classes of position (director, section manager, chief, foreman and others) and 129 occupations.
A number of years during which a worker has engaged in the present occupation as of the survey date.
A number of days for which an employee really worked during the survey period. It does not include those days on which he/she did not work, even if they were paid. A day on which he/she worked only for an hour was included in the real working day. If guardsmen, taxi drivers and similar employees in shift systems went to office at 10:00 p.m. and worked till 6:00 a.m. of the following day, the number of days worked was regarded as two (2) days. If they went to office again at 10:00 p.m. on the same day on which they worked till 6:00 a.m. and then worked till 6:00 a.m. of the day next, the number of days worked was regarded as three (3) days in total.
Actual number of scheduled hours from which overtime working hours are subtracted. This means the number of hours for which an employee really worked from a starting time to an ending time in a working day scheduled by working rules of his/her establishment.
A number of hours really worked during hours other than those from a starting time to an ending time in a working day scheduled by working rules of establishments or in holidays determined by the rules.
A number of hours obtained by dividing actual number of scheduled hours worked by actual number of days worked.
Before-tax, not after-tax, amount of cash wages paid of employees, for the surveyed month of June, based on paying conditions and calculating methods specified in advance in labour contract, labour agreement, and/or working rules of establishments.
Amount of contractual cash earnings, not including overtime allowance.
This amount is composed only of earnings in cash, not of earnings in kind.
Amount of cash obtained by dividing scheduled cash earnings by actual number of scheduled hours worked.
Special wages including bonus and term-end allowance paid in the previous year (in principle, a year from January to December).
Special wages including bonus and term-end allowance include 1) wages which are paid for temporary or unexpected reasons, not based upon agreements or rules established in advance and 2) wages paid in accordance with payment conditions and calculation methods already determined in labour agreements or working rules but paid based on a calculation period exceeding three months. They also include 3) wages paid under reason which are uncertain and 4) wages in back pay under a new labour agreement.
Amount of wages paid under a payment agreement, not including commuter allowance, to new graduates (persons who graduated in March senior high schools, higher professional schools or junior colleges or universities or graduate schools under the School Education Law) who have been employed in the year surveyed and are actually working as of the end of June, and the amount should be that which establishments have been determined as starting salary for the year concerned.
Number of employees estimated.
Standard employees denote those who are employed by enterprises immediately after graduating schools or universities and have been working for the same enterprises.
| ＝ | 3rd Quartile-1st Quartile ------------------------------------- 2×Median |
| ＝ | 9th Decile-1st Decile ------------------------------------- 2×Median |