Outline of the Sixth Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century

Statistics

Statistics 1 Changes in the sibling composition (Figure 1)

	Total	Only child	Younger sibling(s) only	Both elder and younger siblings	Elder sibling(s) only
1st survey	35 632	17 391	・	・	18 241
2nd survey	35 632	16 451	945	348	17 888
3rd survey	35 632	12 180	5 226	1 543	16 683
4th survey	35 632	8 600	8 811	2 454	15 767
5th survey	35 632	6 781	10 656	3 024	15 171
6th survey	35 632	5 810	11 640	3 425	14 757

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses to the 1st through 6th surveys, excluding the replies with
“unknown” concerning sibling composition.

Statistics 2 Changes in the usual caregivers (multiple answers) (Table1)

	Total	Usual caregivers (multiple answers)											Unknown
		Mother	Father		Grandparen				Nurses and kindergarten teachers			Others
					Grandmother		Grandfather			Nurses, etc.	Kindergarten teachers
					Maternal	Paternal	Maternal	Paternal		Nurses, etc.	Kindergarten teachers
Total of the 1st survey	35 783	34 895	17 317	7 784	7 574		3 401		1 251	1 251	・	728	6
Total of the 2nd survey	35 783	34 227	18 064	9 686	5 393	4 535	2 059	1 988	6 441	6 441	・	821	14
Total of the 3rd survey	35 783	33 407	16 243	9 340	5 221	4 344	2 025	1 839	9 169	9 169	・	808	23
Total of the 4th survey	35 783	33 015	16 039	8 608	4 772	3 957	1 891	1 712	17 778	11 896	5 938	610	9
Total of the 5th survey	35 783	32 542	16 812	8 561	4 746	3 935	1 919	1 807	32 301	14 058	18 590	621	55
Total of the 6th survey	35 783	32 563	17 095	8 472	4 644	3 887	2 079	1 795	34 707	13 551	21 364	583	29
Born in January	17 800	16 240	8 480	4 274	2 359	1 934	1 070	885	17 616	6 520	11 205	307	21
Born in July	17 983	16 323	8 615	4 198	2 285	1 953	1 009	910	17 091	7 031	10 159	276	8

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses to the 1st through 6th surveys.
2) “Nurses, etc.” includes “nurses, etc. at nursery schools” and “nursery mothers or baby sitters”.

Statistics 3 Changes in the proportion of employed and unemployed mothers
(Figure 2)

	Total	Unemployed	Employed	Unknown
1 year prior to childbirth	35 361	15 821	19 272	268
1st survey (6 months after childbirth)	35 361	26 142	8 879	340
2nd survey	35 361	24 447	10 751	163
3rd survey	35 361	23 049	12 103	209
4th survey	35 361	20 458	14 537	366
5th survey	35 361	18 314	16 432	615
6th survey	35 361	16 787	18 172	402

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses with children living with their mothers in the 1st through 6th
surveys.

Statistics 4 Employment status of mothers in relation to the existence of younger
sibling(s) and sibling composition (Table 2)

		Total	Unemployed	Employed						Unknown
		Total	Unemployed	Employed	Full-time worker	Part-time worker	Self-employed worker/Family worker	Pieceworker at home	Others	Unknown
Existence of younger sibling(s)	Total	38 201	17 907	19 828	6 426	9 953	2 221	992	236	466
	Without younger sibling	21 949	8 643	13 028	3 904	7 012	1 376	588	148	278
	With younger sibling(s)	16 043	9 180	6 680	2 480	2 886	827	400	87	183
	Age of the youngest sibling: 0 year old	2 232	1 493	715	349	202	113	26	25	24
	1 year old	3 076	1 911	1 129	494	404	155	62	14	36
	2 years old	4 473	2 704	1 715	697	673	206	121	18	54
	3 years old	4 972	2 553	2 362	737	1 177	262	162	24	57
	4 or 5 years old	1 290	519	759	203	430	91	29	6	12
	Unknown	209	84	120	42	55	18	4	1	5
Sibling composition	(Without younger sibling)
	Only child	6 168	2 489	3 604	1 346	1 800	310	102	46	75
	Elder sibling(s) only	15 781	6 154	9 424	2 558	5 212	1 066	486	102	203
	(With younger sibling(s))
	Younger sibling(s) only	12 341	7 213	4 995	1 972	2 158	521	275	69	133
	Both elder and younger siblings	3 702	1 967	1 685	508	728	306	125	18	50

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses with children living with their mothers in the 6th survey.
2) “Full-time worker” indicates “employee (full-time)” and “part-time worker” indicates “employee (part-time).

Statistics 5 Changes in the employment status of mothers (Figure 3-1)

	Total	Unemployed	Employed				Unknown
	Total	Unemployed	Employed	Full-time worker	Part-time worker	Self-employed worker/family worker, pieceworker at home, others	Unknown
1 year prior to childbirth	35 361	15 821	19 272	11 444	5 795	2 033	268
1st survey (6 months after childbirth)	35 361	26 142	8 879	5 601	1 319	1 959	340
2nd survey	35 361	24 447	10 751	5 317	3 282	2 152	163
3rd survey	35 361	23 049	12 103	・	・	・	209
4th survey	35 361	20 458	14 537	5 456	6 143	2 938	366
5th survey	35 361	18 314	16 432	5 633	7 730	3 069	615
6th survey	35 361	16 787	18 172	5 846	9 119	3 207	402

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the total number of responses with children living with their mothers in the 1st through 6th surveys.
2)　The employment status of mothers was not investigated in the 3rd survey.
3)　“Full-time worker” indicates “employee (full-time)” and “part-time worker” indicates “employee (part-time)”.

Statistics 6 Changes in the employment status of mothers who worked as “full-time
workers” one year prior to childbirth (Figure 3-2)

	Total	Unemployed	Part-time worker	Self-employed worker/family worker, pieceworker at home, others	Unemployed	Unknown
1 year prior to childbirth	11 444	11 444	・	・	・	・
1st survey (6 months after childbirth)	11 444	5 452	252	133	5 583	24
2nd survey	11 444	4 873	901	256	5 365	49

4th survey	11 444	4 592	1 597	499	4 660	96
5th survey	11 444	4 591	1 943	510	4 243	157
6th survey	11 444	4 565	2 275	541	3 942	121

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the responses in the 1st through 6th surveys with children living with their mothers who worked as “full-time workers”
one year prior to childbirth.
2)　The employment status of mothers was not investigated in the 3rd survey.
3)　“Full-time worker” indicates “employee (full-time)” and “part-time worker” indicates “employee (part-time)”.

Statistics 7 Wakeup times and bedtimes of children (Figure 4)

[Wakeup time]
	Total	Before 7:00 am	7:00-7:59 am	8:00-8:59 am	After 9:00 am	Irregular	Unknown
4th survey	36 691	8 729	19 153	6 654	1 494	632	29
5th survey	36 691	9 209	22 226	4 024	367	790	75
6th survey
Ordinary days	36 691	10 863	22 566	3 038	59	66	99
Sundays	36 691	5 497	17 825	10 927	1 705	597	140

[Bedtime]
	Total	Before 8:00 pm	8:00-8:59 pm	9:00-9:59 pm	10:00-10:59 pm	After 11:00 pm	Irregular	Unknown
4th survey	36 691	777	5 192	16 273	10 746	2 619	1 014	70
5th survey	36 691	639	6 287	18 487	7 944	1 276	1 814	244
6th survey
Ordinary days	36 691	778	7 351	20 290	7 032	764	268	208
Sundays	36 691	401	4 397	16 815	11 852	2 069	894	263

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 4th through 6th surveys.
2) Wakeup time and bedtime in usual status were investigated in the 4th and 5th surveys.

Statistics 8 Children’s bedtimes according to parents’ bedtimes on ordinary days
(Figure 5)

		Children’s bedtimes on ordinary days
		Total	Before 8:00 pm	8:00-8:59 pm	9:00-9:59 pm	10:00-10:59 pm	After 11:00 pm	Irregular	Unknown
Mothers’ bedtimes on ordinary days	Total	38 201	803	7 597	21 095	7 386	814	283	223
	Before 9:00 pm	477	53	319	97	・	・	1	7
	9:00-9:59 pm	3 745	69	858	2 726	65	2	3	22
	10:00-10:59 pm	8 373	183	1 437	4 890	1 792	11	15	45
	11:00-11:59 pm	13 040	272	2 660	6 761	2 925	297	58	67
	After 0:00 am	8 911	151	1 568	4 648	1 967	434	99	44
	Irregular	3 086	63	638	1 686	527	52	101	19
	Unknown	569	12	117	287	110	18	6	19
Fathers’ bedtimes on ordinary days	Total	36 040	781	7 284	20 036	6 773	709	250	207
	Before 9:00 pm	459	19	140	242	49	5	3	1
	9:00-9:59 pm	2 367	28	434	1 652	219	14	6	14
	10:00-10:59 pm	5 474	82	927	3 120	1 240	60	20	25
	11:00-11:59 pm	10 416	226	2 121	5 634	2 128	199	52	56
	After 0:00 am	10 820	278	2 361	5 785	1 977	295	65	59
	Irregular	5 651	130	1 120	3 155	999	115	102	30
	Unknown	853	18	181	448	161	21	2	22

Note:

As for the item “mothers’ bedtimes on ordinary days”, the figures are based on the total number of responses with
children living with their mothers, and as for “fathers’ bedtimes on ordinary days”, the figures are based on the total
number of responses with children living with their fathers in the 6th survey.

Statistics 9 Play areas and playmates (Table 3)

		Total	Play			Do not play	Unknown
		Total	Play	Often play	Sometimes play	Do not play	Unknown
Play areas	Home	38 535	38 046	36 646	1 401	32	457
	Friends’ houses	38 535	26 023	3 448	22 575	10 777	1 735
	Public places such as children’s centers and children’s parks	38 535	30 325	5 829	24 496	6 489	1 721
	Natural places such as open field, forest, and seashore	38 535	20 569	2 501	18 068	15 705	2 261
	Amusement places in department stores and supermarkets	38 535	24 921	2 265	22 656	11 486	2 128
	Vacant lot and alley	38 535	13 526	3 843	9 683	22 833	2 176
Playmates	Alone	38 535	31 954	16 763	15 191	4 265	2 316
	Sibling(s)	38 535	31 421	28 167	3 254	5 348	1 766
	Children of the same age	38 535	34 275	19 577	14 698	2 494	1 766
	Older children	38 535	28 434	8 319	20 115	7 710	2 391
	Younger children	38 535	26 109	6 219	19 890	9 740	2 686
	Adults (parents, grandparents, etc.)	38 535	35 895	19 473	16 422	853	1 787

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 10 Worry about play areas (multiple answers) (Table 4)

	Total
Total	38 535
Having dangerous places in play areas and their periphery (broken playground equipment, rivers, roads, construction sites, etc.)	10 632
Having places beyond the reach of adults	7 428
Having no place to play with a ball	9 527
Having no place to play on rainy days (except for home)	19 651
Having no play areas in the neighborhood	8 123

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 11 Worry about the relationship with friends (multiple answers)(Table 5)

	Total
Total	38 535
Having no friend in the neighborhood	13 263
Cannot play with friends	1 206
Reluctant to play with friends	989
Having experiences to tease friends	1 202
Having experiences to be teased by friends	2 659

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 12 Playmates of children with worry about “having no friend in the
neighborhood” (Figure 6)

	Total	Play with children of the same age				Play alone
	Total	Often play	Sometimes play	Do not play	Unknown	Often play	Sometimes play	Do not play	Unknown
Total	38 535	19 577	14 698	2 494	1 766	16 763	15 191	4 265	2 316
Having no friend in the neighborhood	13 263	4 933	5 817	1 678	835	6 562	4 721	1 212	768

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 13 Changes in the status of taking lessons (Figure 7)

		6th survey
		Total	Not taking lessons	Taking lessons
5th survey	Total	36 926	16 038	20 888
	Not taking lessons	22 727	15 042	7 685
	Taking lessons	14 199	996	13 203

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses to “lessons” in the 5th and 6th surveys.

Statistics 14 Breakdown of the lessons by sex (multiple answers) (Figure 8)

	Total	Taking lessons	Breakdown of the lessons (multiple answers)											Not taking lessons	Unknown
	Total	Taking lessons	Kinder class	Cram school for entrance exam preparations	Abacus	Calligraphy	Music (piano, etc.)	Painting/ craftwork	Gymnastics	Ballet	Swimming	English	Others	Not taking lessons	Unknown
Total	38 535	21 586	1 663	904	227	1 131	6 146	800	4 032	1 149	7 996	4 950	4 912	16 811	138
Boys	20 013	10 556	886	477	103	450	1 536	374	2 213	30	4 604	2 333	3 206	9 367	90
Girls	18 552	11 030	777	427	124	681	4 610	426	1 819	1 119	3 392	2 617	1 706	7 444	48

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 15 Changes in hours spent watching TV on ordinary days(Figure 9)

	Total	Do not watch TV	Less than 1 hour	1 to less than 2 hours	2 to less than 3 hours	3 to less than 4 hours	4 to less than 5 hours	5 hours or more	Unknown
5th survey	37 294	341	4 006	11 122	12 943	5 866	1 851	698	467
6th survey	37 294	414	5 944	14 914	10 435	3 887	1 174	376	150

Note:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 5th and 6th surveys.
2) “Unknown” concerning hours spent watching TV in the 5th survey includes “not sure”.

Statistics 16 Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days and Sundays(Table 6)

		Hours spent watching TV on Sundays
		Total	Do not watch TV	Watch TV							Unknown
		Total	Do not watch TV	Watch TV	Less than 1 hour	1 to less than 2 hours	2 to less than 3 hours	3 to less than 4 hours	4 to less than 5 hours	5 hours or more	Unknown
Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days	Total	38 525	256	37 944	3 317	11 369	12 061	6 974	2 769	1 454	335
	Do not watch TV	426	78	345	232	88	19	4	1	1	3
	Watch TV	37 949	178	37 584	3 083	11 277	12 039	6 966	2 767	1 452	187
	Less than 1 hour	6 122	117	5 988	2 158	3 226	519	70	11	4	17
	1 to less than 2 hours	15 390	50	15 275	760	6 912	6 187	1 242	147	27	65
	2 to less than 3 hours	10 794	10	10 721	141	980	4 857	3 695	880	168	63
	3 to less than 4 hours	4 033	1	4 002	22	137	407	1 808	1 203	425	30
	4 to less than 5 hours	1 215	・	1 203	2	19	62	135	501	484	12
	5 hours or more	395	・	395	・	3	7	16	25	344	・
	Unknown	160	・	15	2	4	3	4	1	1	145

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.
2) The total includes “unknown” concerning hours spent watching TV on ordinary days.

Statistics 17 Commitment to watching TV (Table 7)

	Total	Prevent	Not prevent	Unknown
Prevent children from watching TV depending on the content of a TV program	38 309	26 381	11 489	439

	Total	Prevent	Not prevent	Unknown
Prevent children from watching TV for many hours continuously	38 309	27 675	10 335	299

	Total	Often talk	Not talk much	Unknown
Talk with children about the TV program watching	38 309	28 961	8 998	350

	Total	Often watch with adults (parents, grandparents, etc.)	Often watch alone or with other children	Unknown
Person with whom children watch TV	38 309	22 991	14 568	750

	Total	Before around 9:00 pm	Around 10:00 pm	Around 11:00 pm	After 11:00 pm	Unknown
The latest time for watching TV	38 309	20 055	10 927	3 403	551	3 373

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses with children who watch TV both or either on “ordinary days” and/or “Sundays” in
the 6th survey.

Statistics 18 Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days according to commitment to
watching TV (Figure 10)

	Total	Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days						Unknown
	Total	Less than 1 hour	1 to less than 2 hours	2 to less than 3 hours	3 to less than 4 hours	4 to less than 5 hours	5 hours or more	Unknown
Total	38 309	6 467	15 390	10 794	4 033	1 215	395	15
Prevent children from watching TV depending on the content of a TV program	26 381	4 910	10 868	7 197	2 474	710	211	11
Not prevent	11 489	1 440	4 357	3 499	1 516	494	180	3
Unknown	439	117	165	98	43	11	4	1
Talk with children about the TV program watching	28 961	4 712	11 621	8 248	3 161	922	289	8
Not talk much	8 998	1 658	3 658	2 449	837	284	106	6
Unknown	350	97	111	97	35	9	・	1

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the total number of responses with children who watch TV both or either on “ordinary days” and/or “Sundays” in the
6th survey.
2)　“Less than 1 hour” includes the number of responses with “do not watch TV” on “ordinary days”.

Statistics 19 Changes in the status of playing computer games (Figure 11)

		6th survey
		Total	Do not play computer games	Play computer games
5th survey	Total	36 844	18 210	18 634
	Do not play computer games	26 580	16 767	9 813
	Play computer games	10 264	1 443	8 821

Notes:

1)The figures are based on the total number of responses to “hours spent playing computer games” in the 5th and 6th surveys.

2)In the 5th survey, “How long do you play computer games on an ordinary day?” was investigated.
In the 6th survey, “hours spent playing computer games per day” on “ordinary days” and “Sundays” were investigated
separately.

3)“Play computer games” in the 6th survey indicates children who play computer games both or either on ordinary days and/or
Sundays. While, “do not play computer games” indicates children who do not play computer games both on ordinary days
and Sundays.

Statistics 20 Hours spent playing computer games on ordinary days and Sundays
according to sex (Table 8)

		Total	Do not play computer games	Play computer games					Unknown
		Total	Do not play computer games	Play computer games	Less than 1 hour	1 to less than 2 hours	2 to less than 3 hours	3 hours or more	Unknown
Ordinary days	Total	38 535	23 121	15 096	11 306	3 241	440	109	318
	Boys	20 013	10 858	8 993	6 125	2 416	353	99	162
	Girls	18 522	12 263	6 103	5 181	825	87	10	156
Sundays	Total	38 535	19 664	18 480	11 447	5 167	1 332	534	391
	Boys	20 013	9 142	10 672	5 720	3 469	1 017	466	199
	Girls	18 522	10 522	7 808	5 727	1 698	315	68	192

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 21 Combination of days on which children play computer games(Table 9)

		Ordinary days
		Total	Do not play computer games	Play computer games	Unknown
Sundays	Total	38 535	23 121	15 096	318
	Do not play computer games	19 664	18 898	763	3
	Play computer games	18 480	4 169	14 272	39
	Unknown	391	54	61	276

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 22 Hours spent playing computer games according to hours spent
watching TV on ordinary days (Figure 12)

		Hours spent playing computer games on ordinary days
		Total	Do not play computer games	Play computer games				Unknown
		Total	Do not play computer games	Play computer games	Less than 1 hour	1 to less than 2 hours	2 hours or more	Unknown
Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days	Total	38 535	23 121	15 096	11 306	3 241	549	318
	Do not watch TV	426	384	41	29	6	6	1
	Watch TV	37 949	22 662	15 028	11 256	3 230	542	259
	Less than 1 hour	6 122	4 219	1 857	1 575	235	47	46
	1 to less than 2 hours	15 390	9 366	5 924	4 645	1 129	150	100
	2 to less than 3 hours	10 794	6 043	4 682	3 397	1 144	141	69
	3 to less than 4 hours	4 033	2 187	1 816	1 187	514	115	30
	4 to less than 5 hours	1 215	648	556	344	158	54	11
	5 hours or more	395	199	193	108	50	35	3
	Unknown	160	75	27	21	5	1	58

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 23 Children’s ways to have contact with their parents (Table 10)

	Total	Often	Sometimes	Rarely	Unknown
Tell parents the events of the day, etc.	38 535	25 917	11 133	1 037	448
Ask what children wonder why	38 535	26 869	10 356	947	363
Want to play together	38 535	26 935	10 633	596	371
Ask for what friends or siblings have	38 535	11 937	18 083	7 884	631
Express children’s feelings in words	38 535	27 427	9 988	725	395
Want to touch parents’ bodies	38 535	26 689	10 359	1 132	355
Request to hold or carry children on parent’s back	38 535	14 582	16 640	6 950	363

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 24 The proportion of children who answered “can do” concerning
children’s behaviors according to sex (Figure 13)

	Total	Listen to someone calmly			Concentrate on one thing			Be patient
	Total	Can do	Cannot do	Unknown	Can do	Cannot do	Unknown	Can do	Cannot do	Unknown
Total	38 535	31 158	6 804	573	33 077	4 951	507	28 403	9 431	701
Boys	20 013	15 240	4 449	324	17 118	2 631	264	14 063	5 549	401
Girls	18 522	15 918	2 355	249	15 959	2 320	243	14 340	3 882	300

	Total	Express feelings well			Act as a group			Keep a promise
	Total	Can do	Cannot do	Unknown	Can do	Cannot do	Unknown	Can do	Cannot do	Unknown
Total	38 535	29 194	8 609	732	35 531	2 439	565	30 265	7 355	915
Boys	20 013	14 706	4 930	377	18 151	1 574	288	15 174	4 351	488
Girls	18 522	14 488	3 679	355	17 380	865	277	15 091	3 004	427

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 25 Types of help by children (multiple answers) (Figure 14)

	Total	Set and clear the table	Carry shopping bags	Fold laundry	Cleaning	Bring newspaper or mail	Take care of animals and plants	Go on an errand
Total	38 535	28 558	18 224	16 129	15 368	13 100	10 506	3 059
Boys	20 013	13 846	9 435	5 830	7 146	7 089	5 654	1 585
Girls	18 522	14 712	8 789	10 299	8 222	6 011	4 852	1 474

	Total	Take care of younger sibling(s)
Total of children with younger sibling(s)	16 128	13 456
Boys	8 400	6 758
Girls	7 728	6 698

Note:

The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey. However, the figures of “take care of younger
sibling(s)” are based on the total number of children with younger sibling(s).

Statistics 26 Transition of major illnesses and injuries seen by hospitals and clinics
(multiple answers) (Figure 15)

	2nd survey	3rd survey	4th survey	5th survey	6th survey
Total	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783
Having illnesses and injuries seen by hospitals and clinics (Previously reported)	33 899	33 635	33 529	34 262	34 254
Cold, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia	29 775	29 402	28 087	28 327	28 326
Decayed teeth	・	2 460	6 336	9 604	12 959
Digestive diseases including gastroenteritis, diarrhea, stomach ache, constipation	9 982	6 512	4 960	5 984	7 852
Otitis media	5 039	4 766	5 065	6 056	5 735
Influenza	・	4 933	3 341	8 507	5 464
Allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis	・	1 497	2 049	3 356	4 775
Chicken pox	4 847	5 260	4 835	4 615	4 001
Having no illnesses and injuries seen by hospitals and clinics	1 012	1 685	1 929	697	740
Unknown	872	463	325	824	789

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the total responses in the 2nd through 6th surveys.

2)　“Decayed teeth”, “influenza”, and “allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis” were not investigated in the 2nd survey.

3)　“Cold, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia” was investigated as “cold, bronchitis, pneumonia” in the 2nd survey.

4)　“Digestive diseases including gastroenteritis, diarrhea, stomach ache, constipation” was investigated as “diarrhea, stomach
ache, constipation” in the 2nd survey.

5)　“Otitis media” includes the number of responses with “otitis externa” in the 2nd through 4th surveys.

Statistics 27 Parents’ way to have contact with children (Table 11)

		Total	Often	As often as possible	Never	Unknown	(Previously reported)
							With younger sibling(s)		Without younger sibling
							Total	Often	Total	Often
Mother’s way to have contact with children	Play with playing cards or toys	38 201	5 628	25 300	6 647	626	16 043	2 122	21 949	3 477
	Do physical activities	38 201	4 783	23 872	8 923	623	16 043	2 075	21 949	2 685
	Take a bath with children	38 201	27 433	6 979	3 285	504	16 043	12 097	21 949	15 183
	Read books or picture books to children	38 201	13 101	19 665	4 876	559	16 043	5 939	21 949	7 091
	Talk to children actively	38 201	28 009	9 173	467	552	16 043	11 566	21 949	16 290
	Have meals with children	38 201	34 008	3 505	199	489	16 043	14 371	21 949	19 463
	Promote physical contact by holding children on parent’s lap	38 201	23 254	12 897	1 499	551	16 043	7 788	21 949	15 341
	Praise children	38 201	20 687	16 699	314	501	16 043	8 123	21 949	12 451
Father’s way to have contact with children	Play with playing cards or toys	36 040	6 540	19 812	8 947	741	15 598	2 819	20 263	3 691
	Do physical activities	36 040	10 114	19 079	6 171	676	15 598	4 693	20 263	5 374
	Take a bath with children	36 040	12 812	17 557	5 017	654	15 598	5 931	20 263	6 822
	Read books or picture books to children	36 040	2 943	13 151	19 199	747	15 598	1 478	20 263	1 446
	Talk to children actively	36 040	18 398	14 623	2 332	687	15 598	8 037	20 263	10 273
	Have meals with children	36 040	13 328	18 843	3 209	660	15 598	5 643	20 263	7 612
	Promote physical contact by holding children on parent’s lap	36 040	16 473	15 402	3 483	682	15 598	7 160	20 263	9 223
	Praise children	36 040	15 220	17 790	2 353	677	15 598	6 624	20 263	8 514

Note:

As for “mother’s way to have contact with children”, the figures are based on the total number of responses with children living with their
mothers, and as for “father’s way to have contact with children”, the figures are based on the total number of responses with children living
with their fathers in the 6th survey.

Statistics 28 Particular points of care at mealtime according to sex and sibling
composition (multiple answers) (Table 12)

	Total	Greetings (say “thank you for the meal” before and after eating)	Posture while eating	How to hold a bowl or chopsticks	Do not waste food	Do not eat while playing	Eat a meal all	Do not leave the table during a meal	Turn off TV
Total	38 535	27 956	25 048	19 259	24 972	29 444	21 121	22 371	11 234
Sex
Boys	20 013	14 455	13 008	9 904	13 021	15 429	11 189	11 834	5 924
Girls	18 522	13 501	12 040	9 355	11 951	14 015	9 932	10 537	5 310
Sibling composition
Alone	6 293	4 720	3 915	3 052	3 836	4 737	2 906	3 417	1 503
Younger sibling(s) only	12 404	9 213	8 029	5 815	8 418	9 777	7 107	7 546	4 171
Elder sibling(s) only	15 897	11 159	10 412	8 309	10 028	11 907	8 640	9 019	4 262
Both elder and younger siblings	3 724	2 719	2 564	1 978	2 555	2 861	2 345	2 265	1 245
Unknown	217	145	128	105	135	162	123	124	53

Note:

The figures are based on the total responses to the 6th survey.

Statistics 29 Changes in the reasons for satisfaction from child rearing (multiple
answers) (Figure 16)

	1st survey	2nd survey	3rd survey	4th survey	5th survey	6th survey
Total	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783
Have satisfactions	35 574	34 902	35 468	35 410	35 451	35 397
Take pleasure in the growth of the child	・	・	29 243	29 658	29 175	29 785
Home is cheerful thanks to the child	28 325	・	24 052	25 246	25 013	26 862
Contact with the child is rewarding	・	29 789	25 713	25 258	24 317	25 287
Enjoy the companionship of siblings	・	・	18 789	22 244	23 270	24 442
Family ties strengthened	・	24 116	20 352	20 923	20 263	22 267
Human network widened by rearing the child	9 485	11 795	11 693	15 591	17 351	20 898
Everyday life is exciting	19 455	17 349	13 803	15 181	15 401	17 925
Mindset broadened by rearing the child	15 795	16 388	13 479	14 521	14 437	16 475
Others	3 416	1 829	787	777	760	744
Others	3 416	1 829	787	777	760	744
No satisfactions in particular	126	204	142	169	204	140
Unknown	83	677	173	204	128	246

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 1st through 6th surveys.

2) “Take pleasure in the growth of the child” and “enjoy the companionship of siblings” were not investigated in the 1st and 2nd surveys.

3) “Home is cheerful thanks to the child” was “family became happier” in the 1st survey, and it was not investigated in the 2nd survey.

4) “Contact with the child is rewarding” and “family ties strengthened” were not investigated in the 1st survey.

5) “Everyday life is exciting” was “life became worthwhile” in the 1st survey and “everyday life became worthwhile” in the 2nd survey.

Statistics 30 Changes in burdens and worries concerning child rearing (multiple
answers) (Figure 17 and Table 13)

	1st survey	2nd survey	3rd survey	4th survey	5th survey	6th survey
Total	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783	35 783

Feel some burdens or worries	28 555	30 676	30 874	31 132	29 500	29 563

Financial burdens	12 061	9 449	9 078	11 180	12 110	15 148
Lack of free time	20 205	23 116	21 243	19 111	14 961	13 532
Physical burdens	14 388	14 201	11 498	10 919	8 579	8 645
No tolerance toward the child	・	・	・	8 231	9 384	8 569
Disobedience of the child	・	・	7 834	9 848	8 232	6 916

Unable to work or do enough housework	4 222	5 671	7 093	7 134	6 095	5 851
Parental disagreement over discipline	・	・	3 283	4 186	4 008	4 098
No caregiver when temporary childcare is needed	・	・	4 301	3 988	3 740	3 778
Concerned about what people think or say about the child	・	・	1 790	2 947	2 705	3 031
Concerned about the growth of the child	・	・	2 490	2 677	2 571	2 777

Constant tension due to the active child	・	12 204	8 138	5 421	3 098	2 338
Lack of partner's involvement in child rearing	・	・	2 157	2 382	2 299	2 286
Do not know how to discipline the child	・	・	3 061	2 597	2 802	2 150
No doctor available in the neighborhood for sudden illness	・	・	1 216	1 224	1 313	1 384
Child being prone to illness	1 182	2 239	1 439	1 361	1 577	1 251

Unable to build a good relationship with other parents	・	・	422	560	736	921
Child reluctant to go to school or kindergarten	・	・	・	895	852	524
No affection to the child	・	・	100	150	166	141
Others	2 151	1 409	1 084	1 230	1 228	1 245

No particular burdens or worries	7 054	4 354	4 644	4 326	5 547	5 584
Unknown	174	753	265	325	736	636

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 1st through 6th surveys.

2) “Unable to work or do enough housework” was “unable to work enough” in the 1st and 2nd surveys.

3) “Constant tension due to the active child” was not investigated in the 1st survey.

Statistics 31 Changes in burdens and worries concerning child rearing (multiple
answers) from the time of the 5th survey (Figure 18)

	Total	Total in the 5th survey		Total in the 6th survey
	Total	Total in the 5th survey	(Previously reported) Did not feel burdens at the time of the 6th survey	Total in the 6th survey	(Previously reported) Felt burdens at the time of both the 5th and 6th surveys	(Previously reported) Started feeling burdens from the time of the 6th survey
Financial burdens	35 886	12 460	3 113	15 526	9 347	6 179
Lack of free time	35 886	15 362	5 745	13 872	9 617	4 255
Physical burdens	35 886	8 809	3 701	8 838	5 108	3 730
No tolerance toward the child	35 886	9 636	4 249	8 788	5 387	3 401
Disobedience of the child	35 886	8 489	4 299	7 083	4 190	2 893

Unable to work or do enough housework	35 886	6 287	3 313	6 010	2 974	3 036
Parental disagreement over discipline	35 886	4 153	2 028	4 219	2 125	2 094
No caregiver when temporary childcare is needed	35 886	3 861	1 951	3 878	1 910	1 968
Concerned about what people think or say about the child	35 886	2 795	1 491	3 113	1 304	1 809
Concerned about the growth of the child	35 886	2 661	1 370	2 846	1 291	1 555

Constant tension due to the active child	35 886	3 201	2 052	2 409	1 149	1 260
Lack of partner's involvement in child rearing	35 886	2 357	1 252	2 326	1 105	1 221
Do not know how to discipline the child	35 886	2 906	1 884	2 221	1 022	1 199
No doctor available in the neighborhood for sudden illness	35 886	1 368	797	1 431	571	860
Child being prone to illness	35 886	1 631	1 026	1 295	605	690

Unable to build a good relationship with other parents	35 886	763	514	941	249	692
Child reluctant to go to school or kindergarten	35 886	862	742	543	120	423
No affection to the child	35 886	168	111	150	57	93
Others	35 886	1 258	1 029	1 264	229	1 035

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the total number of responses to “burdens and worries concerning child rearing” in the 5th and 6th surveys.

2)　“Did not feel burdens at the time of the 6th survey” indicates the respondents who did not reply to feel burdens in the 6th survey among those
who replied to feel burdens in the 5th survey.
“Felt burdens at the time of both the 5th and 6th surveys” indicates the respondents who replied to feel burdens in the 6th survey among those
who replied to feel burdens in the 5th survey.
“Started feeling burdens from the time of the 6th survey” indicates the respondents who replied to feel burdens in the 6th survey among those
who did not reply to feel burdens in the 5th survey.

Statistics 32 Burdens and worries concerning child rearing in relation to mothers’
employment status and time to return home (multiple answers) (Figure 19)

	Total	Unemployed	Employed or student				Employment status unknown
				Time to return home
				Before 6:00 pm	After 6:00 pm	Unknown
Total	38 201	17 847	19 888	10 733	7 558	1 597	466
Feel some burdens or worries	31 542	14 887	16 281	8 752	6 236	1 293	374

Financial burdens	16 213	8 004	8 020	4 602	2 781	637	189
Lack of free time	14 359	6 459	7 718	3 815	3 320	583	182
Physical burdens	9 175	4 836	4 197	2 179	1 662	356	142
No tolerance toward the child	9 156	4 168	4 879	2 447	2 059	373	109
Disobedience of the child	7 365	3 464	3 816	2 060	1 421	335	85

Unable to work or do enough housework	6 236	2 067	4 095	1 966	1 846	283	74
Parental disagreement over discipline	4 400	1 782	2 552	1 329	1 021	202	66
No caregiver when temporary childcare is needed	4 055	2 330	1 667	919	592	156	58
Concerned about what people think or say about the child	3 264	1 760	1 459	837	484	138	45
Concerned about the growth of the child	2 958	1 518	1 388	759	519	110	52

Constant tension due to the active child	2 513	1 354	1 123	620	410	93	36
Lack of partner's involvement in child rearing	2 445	1 134	1 273	747	434	92	38
Do not know how to discipline the child	2 298	1 112	1 158	629	422	107	28
No doctor available in the neighborhood for sudden illness	1 506	715	772	436	275	61	19
Child being prone to illness	1 340	701	615	359	201	55	24

Unable to build a good relationship with other parents	982	554	414	230	151	33	14
Child reluctant to go to school or kindergarten	556	242	302	181	93	28	12
No affection to the child	152	80	71	40	26	5	1
Others	1 307	622	672	318	296	58	13

No particular burdens or worries	5 954	2 659	3 231	1 778	1 185	268	64
Unknown	705	301	376	203	137	36	28

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses with children living with their mothers in the 6th survey.

2) “Unemployed” does not include “student”.

Statistics 33 Changes in the monthly child-rearing expenditure (Figure 20)

	Total	Under 5,000 yen	10,000 yen	20,000 yen	30,000 yen	40,000 yen	50,000 yen	60,000 yen	65,000 yen or over	Unknown
4th survey	36 691	4 535	8 815	5 944	6 212	4 292	3 241	1 313	2 304	35
5th survey	36 691	895	3 502	4 587	6 887	7 404	6 020	2 181	3 979	1 236
6th survey	36 691	203	1 693	4 094	7 332	8 309	7 254	3 137	3 873	796

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 4th through 6th surveys.

2)　The monthly child-rearing expenditure is rounded to the nearest 10,000, and the amount categories are as follows:
“Under 5,000 yen”: Under 5,000 yen
“10,000 yen”: 5,000 - 14,999 yen
“20,000 yen”: 15,000 - 24,999 yen
“30,000 yen”: 25,000 - 34,999 yen
“40,000 yen”: 35,000 - 44,999 yen
“50,000 yen”: 45,000 - 54,999 yen
“60,000 yen”: 55,000 - 64,999 yen
“65,000 yen or over”: 65,000 yen or over

Statistics 34 The proportion of responses with “financial burdens” to burdens and
worries concerning child rearing according to the monthly child-rearing
expenditure (Figure 21)

	Total	Under 5,000 yen	10,000 yen	20,000 yen	30,000 yen	40,000 yen	50,000 yen	60,000 yen	65,000 yen or over	Unknown
Total	38 535	214	1 810	4 336	7 709	8 684	7 575	3 266	4 065	876
Responses with “financial burdens”	16 322	36	439	1 296	2 870	3 883	3 685	1 719	2 155	239

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics 35 Monthly child-care fee and tuition fee for nursery school or kindergarten
(Figure 22)

	Total	Under 10,000 yen	10,000-under 20,000 yen	20,000-under 30,000 yen	30,000-under 40,000 yen	40,000-under 50,000 yen	50,000 yen or over	No monthly child-care fee and tuition fee	Unknown
4th survey	37 932	3 692	4 376	7 177	4 018	1 197	1 254	16 109	109
6th survey	37 932	3 658	7 586	15 213	7 704	905	816	1 189	861

Notes:

1) The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 4th and 6th surveys.

2) “Monthly child-care fee and tuition fee for nursery school or kindergarten” was not investigated in the 5th survey.

Statistics 36 Monthly expenses for lessons (Figure 23)

		Monthly expenses for lessons
		Total	Under 5,000 yen	5,000-under 10,000 yen	10,000-under 20,000 yen	20,000 yen or over	No paid lessons	Unknown
Monthly child-rearing expenditure	Total	38 535	3 141	9 383	6 210	2 262	17 102	437
	Under 5,000 yen	214	15	・	・	・	197	2
	10,000 yen	1 810	168	185	17	・	1 438	2
	20,000 yen	4 336	435	813	204	6	2 864	14
	30,000 yen	7 709	822	1 790	553	48	4 465	31
	40,000 yen	8 684	816	2 672	1 331	116	3 718	31
	50,000 yen	7 575	606	2 395	1 885	302	2 360	27
	60,000 yen	3 266	170	871	1 158	385	671	11
	65,000 yen or over	4 065	109	654	1 060	1 403	827	12
	Unknown	876	・	3	2	2	562	307

Notes:

1)　The figures are based on the total number of responses in the 6th survey.

Statistics

Statistics 1 Changes in the sibling composition (Figure 1)

Statistics 2 Changes in the usual caregivers (multiple answers) (Table1)

Statistics 3 Changes in the proportion of employed and unemployed mothers(Figure 2)

Statistics 4 Employment status of mothers in relation to the existence of younger sibling(s) and sibling composition (Table 2)

Statistics 5 Changes in the employment status of mothers (Figure 3-1)

Statistics 6 Changes in the employment status of mothers who worked as “full-time workers” one year prior to childbirth (Figure 3-2)

Statistics 7 Wakeup times and bedtimes of children (Figure 4)

Statistics 8 Children’s bedtimes according to parents’ bedtimes on ordinary days (Figure 5)

Statistics 9 Play areas and playmates (Table 3)

Statistics 10 Worry about play areas (multiple answers) (Table 4)

Statistics 11 Worry about the relationship with friends (multiple answers)(Table 5)

Statistics 12 Playmates of children with worry about “having no friend in the neighborhood” (Figure 6)

Statistics 13 Changes in the status of taking lessons (Figure 7)

Statistics 14 Breakdown of the lessons by sex (multiple answers) (Figure 8)

Statistics 15 Changes in hours spent watching TV on ordinary days(Figure 9)

Statistics 16 Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days and Sundays(Table 6)

Statistics 17 Commitment to watching TV (Table 7)

Statistics 18 Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days according to commitment to watching TV (Figure 10)

Statistics 19 Changes in the status of playing computer games (Figure 11)

Statistics 20 Hours spent playing computer games on ordinary days and Sundays according to sex (Table 8)

Statistics 21 Combination of days on which children play computer games(Table 9)

Statistics 22 Hours spent playing computer games according to hours spent watching TV on ordinary days (Figure 12)

Statistics 23 Children’s ways to have contact with their parents (Table 10)

Statistics 24 The proportion of children who answered “can do” concerning children’s behaviors according to sex (Figure 13)

Statistics 25 Types of help by children (multiple answers) (Figure 14)

Statistics 26 Transition of major illnesses and injuries seen by hospitals and clinics (multiple answers) (Figure 15)

Statistics 27 Parents’ way to have contact with children (Table 11)

Statistics 28 Particular points of care at mealtime according to sex and sibling composition (multiple answers) (Table 12)

Statistics 29 Changes in the reasons for satisfaction from child rearing (multiple answers) (Figure 16)

Statistics 30 Changes in burdens and worries concerning child rearing (multiple answers) (Figure 17 and Table 13)

Statistics 31 Changes in burdens and worries concerning child rearing (multiple answers) from the time of the 5th survey (Figure 18)

Statistics 32 Burdens and worries concerning child rearing in relation to mothers’ employment status and time to return home (multiple answers) (Figure 19)

Statistics 33 Changes in the monthly child-rearing expenditure (Figure 20)

Statistics 34 The proportion of responses with “financial burdens” to burdens and worries concerning child rearing according to the monthly child-rearing expenditure (Figure 21)

Statistics 35 Monthly child-care fee and tuition fee for nursery school or kindergarten (Figure 22)

Statistics 36 Monthly expenses for lessons (Figure 23)

Statistics 3 Changes in the proportion of employed and unemployed mothers
(Figure 2)

Statistics 4 Employment status of mothers in relation to the existence of younger
sibling(s) and sibling composition (Table 2)

Statistics 6 Changes in the employment status of mothers who worked as “full-time
workers” one year prior to childbirth (Figure 3-2)

Statistics 8 Children’s bedtimes according to parents’ bedtimes on ordinary days
(Figure 5)

Statistics 12 Playmates of children with worry about “having no friend in the
neighborhood” (Figure 6)

Statistics 18 Hours spent watching TV on ordinary days according to commitment to
watching TV (Figure 10)

Statistics 20 Hours spent playing computer games on ordinary days and Sundays
according to sex (Table 8)

Statistics 22 Hours spent playing computer games according to hours spent
watching TV on ordinary days (Figure 12)

Statistics 24 The proportion of children who answered “can do” concerning
children’s behaviors according to sex (Figure 13)

Statistics 26 Transition of major illnesses and injuries seen by hospitals and clinics
(multiple answers) (Figure 15)

Statistics 28 Particular points of care at mealtime according to sex and sibling
composition (multiple answers) (Table 12)

Statistics 29 Changes in the reasons for satisfaction from child rearing (multiple
answers) (Figure 16)

Statistics 30 Changes in burdens and worries concerning child rearing (multiple
answers) (Figure 17 and Table 13)

Statistics 31 Changes in burdens and worries concerning child rearing (multiple
answers) from the time of the 5th survey (Figure 18)

Statistics 32 Burdens and worries concerning child rearing in relation to mothers’
employment status and time to return home (multiple answers) (Figure 19)

Statistics 34 The proportion of responses with “financial burdens” to burdens and
worries concerning child rearing according to the monthly child-rearing
expenditure (Figure 21)

Statistics 35 Monthly child-care fee and tuition fee for nursery school or kindergarten
(Figure 22)