It is the plan for the implementation of monitoring and guidance for the import of foods by the Japanese government as stipulated by Article 23, paragraph 1 of the Act.
Contact:
Office of Import Food Safety,
Inspection and Safety Division,
Department of Environmental Health and Food Safety,
Pharmaceutical Safety and Environmental Health Bureau,
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
Inspection Results of Imported Foods Monitoring
and Guidance Plan for FY 2016
Interim Report
December 2016
Department of Environmental Health and Food Safety
Pharmaceutical Safety and Environmental Health Bureau
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
Inspection Results of Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2016 (Interim Report)
1. Introduction
In order to ensure the safety of foods, etc., imported into Japan (hereinafter, “imported foods”), the government established the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for 2016 (hereinafter, “the Plan”) as per the regulations of Article 23, paragraph 1 of the Food Sanitation Act (Act No. 233, 1947; hereinafter, “the Act”), and monitoring and guidance for imported foods is being conducted based upon the Plan.
(The Plan is formulated based on the Guidelines for Monitoring and Guidance for Food Sanitation (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Notification No. 301 of 2003) after conducting collection of public comments and risk communication. The plan is published in the Official Gazette as an official report according to the regulations of Article 23, paragraph 3 of the Act.)
This document publishes an outline of the implementation status of the monitoring and guidance for imported foods, conducted in accordance with the plan, for the period from April to September 2016.
2. Overview of the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2016
(1) What is the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan?
[Purpose] To further ensure the safety of imported foods by the national government promoting intensive, effective and efficient monitoring and guidance for imported foods and importers.
(2) Principles for Monitoring and Guidance on Imported Foods
Under the Article 4 of the Food Safety Basic Act (Act No.48 of 2003) (that is, Food safety shall be ensured by taking the necessary measures appropriately at each stage of the domestic and overseas Food Supply Processes.), the Plan is prepared in order that three stages of food safety measures are taken, namely, in the exporting country, at the time of importation, and at the time of domestic distribution.
(3) Priority Items for Monitoring and Guidance
- Confirmation of legality with respect to the Act at the time of import declaration
- Monitoring *1 (Plan for FY2016: approximately 96,000 cases across 171 food groups)
- Inspection orders *2
- Regulations for comprehensive import bans *3
- Emergency measures based on overseas information, etc.
*1: Systematic inspections based on statistical approach considering that take into account the volume of imports, violation rates and other factors, for each food type, in order to broadly monitor a wide variety of imported foods.
*2: Inspection for products with a high probability of violation where an inspection is ordered for the importer, and import and distribution is not permitted without the results being in compliance with the Act (Article 26 of the Act).
*3: Regulations by which the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare may prohibit the sale or import of specified foods, without inspections, in cases where it is deemed specifically necessary from the perspective of preventing harm to public health (Articles 8 and 17 of the Act).
(4) Promotion of Foods Safety Measures in Exporting Countries
- Informing the responsible governmental agencies and food business operators of food safety regulations of Japan through seminars held in exporting countries
- Request for unfolding causes of and taking recurrence prevention measures for violations of the Act, and promotion of safety measures by safety controls at the production stage, enhancement of monitoring systems, inspection before exportation, etc., through bilateral talks
- Systematic collection of information on safety measures for foods exported to Japan and promotion of food safety measures by exporting countries through on-site visits
(5) Guidance for Importers on Voluntary Safety Control
- Pre-import guidance (known as import consulting)
- Guidance for voluntary inspections at the import consulting, initial import, and continued import
- Guidance on preparation and storage of records on import and sales conditions of imported foods
- Raising awareness of food safety amongst importers
3. Results of Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2016 (Interim Report: Tentative)
The number of import notifications made from April through September of 2016 was 1,161,978 [1,134,155], and the weight of notified items was 11,874,000 tons [11,416,000 tons] (Table 1).
Inspections were carried out on 98,172 items (monitoring inspections on 29,387 items, ordered inspection on 27,641, and independence inspection on 45,285 items, deducting duplicates) [101,922 items (monitoring inspections on 28,539 items, ordered inspection on 31,764 items, and independence inspections on 47,067 items, deducting duplicates)]. Of these, 358 cases [431 cases] were found to be in violation of the Act, and steps were taken for their reshipment, disposal, etc.
Regarding violations categorized by provision, violations of Article 11 of the Act (compositional standards for food (microbial, agricultural chemical residues and veterinary drug residues) and standards for the use of additives in food, etc.) were the most common in 224 cases, followed by 89 cases in violation of Article 6 (adhesion of hazardous or toxic substances such as aflatoxin), 38 cases in violation of Article 18 (standards for apparatus or containers and packaging), 12 cases in violation of Article 10 (use of undesignated additives), 3 cases in violation of Article 9 (absence of health certificates of meat), and 2 cases in violation of Article 62 (standards for toys) (Table 2).
Monitoring inspection was conducted for 29,387 cases (58,416 cases compared to the planned cumulative total of 95,929 (implementation rate: approx. 61%)), and of which, 72 cases (running total of 76 cases) were confirmed to be in violation of the Act, and steps were taken for their recalls, etc. (Table 3). For imported foods that were found to be in violation of the Act by monitoring inspection, the inspection rate to 30% as necessary, to identify probable of violations (Table 4). Additionally, for imported foods that are considered to have a high probability of violating the Act, inspections were strengthened by making them subject of ordered inspections (Table 5).
As of September 30, 2016, 17 items from all exporting countries and 72 items from 34 countries and 1 region were made subject to ordered inspection, and inspection was carried out for 27,641 cases (running total of 41,742 cases). Of these, violation of the Act was found in 111 cases (running total of 111 cases), and steps were taken for their reshipment or disposal, etc. (Table 6).
As an emergency measures based on information from overseas, etc., reshipment, etc., was carried out for frozen vegetables and fruits potentially contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes from the USA. (Table 7).
Figures in brackets are for the same period in the previous year.
Notifications (cases)*1 |
Imported Weight (thousand tons)*1 |
Inspections*2 (cases) |
Proportion *3 (%) |
Violations (cases) |
Proportion *3 (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1,161,978 | 11,874 | 98,172 (27,641) *4 | 8.4 | 358 | 0.03 |
(FY2015) 1,134,155 |
11,416 | 101,922 | 9.0 | 431 | 0.04 |
*1 Cargoes of planned Import System (excluding time of first importation.) are not included.
*2 Inspections by authorities, registered inspection organizations and foreign official laboratories, deducting duplicates.
*3 Proportion as compared to notifications.
*4 Number of ordered inspections.
Provision violated | Violations (cases) |
Proportion (%) | Brief details of Violations |
---|---|---|---|
Article 6 (Foods and Additives prohibited to distribute) |
89 | 24.2 | Aflatoxin contamination in almonds, spices, corn, job’s tears, pistachio nuts, peanuts etc.; detection of cyanide; decay, deterioration and generation of mold due to accidents during the transport of barley, coffee beans, rice, wheat, soybeans; detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O103 from kimchi etc., |
Article 9 (Limitation on distribution, etc. of diseased meat) |
3 | 0.8 | No health certificate attached or incomplete |
Article 10 (Limitation of distribution, etc. of additives) |
12 | 3.3 | Use of undesignated additives (TBHQ, azorubin, carbon monoxide, cyclamic acid, sodium ethoxide, potassium iodized, etc.) |
Article 11 (Standards and criteria for foods and additives) |
224 | 60.9 | Violation of standards for constituents for vegetables or frozen vegetables (excess of standards on residual agricultural chemicals), violation of standards for constituents for meat, aquatic foods and processed products (excess of standards on residual veterinary drugs, excess of standards on residual agricultural chemicals), violation of standards for constituents for other processed products (coliform bacteria positive, etc.), violation of criteria on use of additives (sucralose, sorbic acid, sulfur dioxide, etc.), violation of standards for constituents for additives, excess of standards on radioactive substance, detection of unauthorized genetically modified, etc. |
Article 18 (Standards and criteria for apparatus, containers and packaging) |
38 | 10.3 | Violation of standards for apparatus, containers and packaging Violation of materials standards for raw materials |
Article 62 (Mutatis mutandis application for toys) |
2 | 0.5 | Violations of standards for toys |
Total | 368(Gross )*1 358(Actual )*2 |
*1 Gross number of inspection cases by inspected substances
*2 Number of notification cases for which inspections were carried out
Food Groups | Inspected Substances *1 | Planned Number in FY*2 | Actual Number | Violations |
---|---|---|---|---|
Livestock Foods Beef, pork, chicken, horse meat, other poultry meat, etc. |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 1,879 | 1,054 | 1 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 1,191 | 974 | 0 | |
Additives | 118 | 65 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 657 | 340 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 415 | 260 | 0 | |
Radiation irradiation | 29 | 18 | 0 | |
Removal of SRM | - | 1,102 | 3 | |
Processed Livestock Foods Natural cheeses, processed meat products, ice cream, frozen (meat) products, etc. |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 2,182 | 1,354 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 1,697 | 1,139 | 0 | |
Additives | 1,247 | 820 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 3,584 | 2,231 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 1,937 | 1,224 | 2 | |
Mycotoxins | - | 3 | 0 | |
Genetically modified food | - | 2 | 2 | |
Aquatic Foods Bivalves, fish, crustacea(shrimps, crabs), etc. |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 2,572 | 1,407 | 1 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 1,134 | 1,080 | 0 | |
Additives | 297 | 166 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 1,074 | 792 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 354 | 265 | 0 | |
Radiation irradiation | 34 | 21 | 0 | |
Processed Aquatic Foods Processed fish products (fillet, dried or minced fish, etc.), frozen food (aquatic animals, fish), processed marine product eggs, etc. | Antibacterial substances, etc. | 4,234 | 3,033 | 3 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 4,111 | 3,012 | 0 | |
Additives | 1,894 | 1,424 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 4,661 | 3,176 | 1 | |
Standards for constituents | 4,930 | 2,734 | 20 | |
Radiation irradiation | - | 3 | 0 | |
Agricultural Foods Vegetables, fruits, wheat, maize, pulses, peanuts, nuts, seeds, etc. |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 2,559 | 1,975 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 9,190 | 5,507 | 15 | |
Additives | 474 | 384 | 0 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 1,495 | 997 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 355 | 250 | 0 | |
Mycotoxins | 2,273 | 1,279 | 0 | |
Genetically modified food | 469 | 241 | 0 | |
Radiation irradiation | 119 | 111 | 0 | |
Processed Agricultural Foods Frozen food(vegetables), processed vegetable products, processed fruit products, spices, instant noodles, etc |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | 598 | 440 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 6,800 | 4,781 | 5 | |
Additives | 4,551 | 3,425 | 1 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | 956 | 914 | 1 | |
Standards for constituents | 2,648 | 1,844 | 4 | |
Mycotoxins | 2,774 | 1,759 | 0 | |
Genetically modified food | 252 | 185 | 0 | |
Radiation irradiation | 424 | 285 | 0 | |
Other Foods Health foods, soups, seasonings, confectionery, cooking oil and fat, frozen food, etc. |
Antibacterial substances, etc. | - | 2 | 0 |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 1,074 | 716 | 0 | |
Additives | 3,344 | 1,981 | 1 | |
Pathogenic microorganism | - | 1 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 598 | 319 | 4 | |
Mycotoxins | 955 | 639 | 0 | |
Genetically modified food | - | 2 | 0 | |
Beverages Mineral waters, soft drinks, alcoholic drinks, etc. |
Residual agricultural chemicals | 118 | 130 | 0 |
Additives | 1,075 | 743 | 0 | |
Standards for constituents | 657 | 404 | 1 | |
Mycotoxins | 178 | 94 | 0 | |
Additives / Apparatus, containers and packaging / Toys | Standards for constituents | 1,762 | 1,309 | 11 |
Total (gross) |
95,929*3 | 58,416 |
76 |
*1: Examples of inspected substances
- - Antibacterial substances, etc.: antibiotics, synthetic antimicrobials, hormone drugs, etc.
- - Residual agricultural chemicals: organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamates, pyrethroid, etc.
- - Additives: preservatives, coloring agents, sweetener, antioxidants, antimold agents, etc.
- - Pathogenic microorganisms: Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O26, O103, O104, O111, O121, O145 and O157, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, etc.
- - Standards for constituents, etc.: Items stipulated in the standards for constituents (bacteria count, coliform bacteria, radioactive substance (excludes pathogenic microorganism)), shellfish poisons (diarrhetic shellfish toxin, paralytic shellfish poison), etc.
- - Mycotoxin: aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol, patulin, etc.
- - Genetically modified organisms (GMOs): genetically modified foods, etc. that have not been assessed for safety.
- - Radiation irradiation: with or without of irradiation
*2:The number of item-by-item programs planned of antibacterial substances, agricultural chemicals, etc.
*3:10,000 cases planned as enhanced monitoring were added to the number of items by item of each food groups
Country/Region | Subject Item | Inspected Substances |
---|---|---|
India | Cardamom immature fruit | Triazophos |
Cumin seeds | Iprobenfos | |
Chickpea |
Aflatoxin | |
Fennel seed | Iprobenfos | |
Profenofos | ||
China | Taro | Chlorpyrifos |
Lotus seeds | Aflatoxin | |
Cultured shrimp | Malachite green | |
Lychees (Liche) | 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid | |
Thailand | Red hot pepper | Propiconazole |
Shrimp for raw consumption | Vibrio parahaemolyticus (MPN) *3 | |
Boiled crab for raw consumption | Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3 | |
Vietnam | Shrimp | Chloramphenicol |
Cultured shrimp | Sulfadiazine | |
Sulfamethoxazole | ||
Philippines | Sea urchin for raw consumption | Vibrio parahaemolyticus (MPN) *3 |
Boiled octopus | Vibrio parahaemolyticus *3 | |
Ecuador | Cacao beans | Malathion |
South Korea | Ark shells for raw consumption | Vibrio parahaemolyticus (MPN) *4 |
Spain | Pistachio processed products | Aflatoxin |
France | Pigeon meat | Oxytetracycline |
USA | Corn (popcorn only) | Pirimiphosmethyl |
*1 Include the Items which were rescinded from inspection orders.If no similar violations were detected within 60 enhanced monitoring inspections or within 1 year, the items in question were subjected to the normal inspection state.
*2 Excludes items included in Table 5.
*3 Item which all (100%) import declarations were inspected as a measure to enhance inspections during the summer period, (Jun-Oct 2016).
*4 Item which 30% of import declarations were inspected as a measure to enhance inspections during the summer period, (Jun-Oct 2016)
Country/Region | Subject Item | Inspected Substances |
---|---|---|
South Korea | Kimchi (manufacturers limited) | Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O103 |
Oriental melon | Chlorfenapyr | |
Egypt | Calendula (Calendula officinalis) | Chlorpyrifos |
Spain | Non glutinous rice | Tebuconazole |
Thailand | Boiled crab (manufacturers limited) | Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
China | Cumin seeds | Profenofos |
Chile | Kiwi fruit | Fenhexamid |
France | Natural cheese (manufacturers limited) | Listeria monocytogenes |
USA | Celery | Bifenthrin |
Peru | Cacao beans | 2, 4-D |
Country/Region | Major subject item | Major Inspected Substances | Inspections | violations |
---|---|---|---|---|
All exporting countries |
Almond, Chili pepper, Peanut, etc. | Aflatoxin | 5,588 | 53 |
Cassava, Beans containing cyanide | Cyanide | 277 | 2 | |
Salted salmon roe | Nitrite | 225 | 0 | |
China |
Vegetables (Green soybean, Onion, Spinach, etc.), Lychees, short-neck clam, Clam | Endrin, Chlorpyrifos, Difenoconazole, Diflubenzuron Thiamethoxam, Dieldrin (including aldrin), Prometryn, etc. | 10,628 | 9 |
Bivalves | Paralytic shellfish poison, Diarrhetic shellfish poison | 4,024 | 0 | |
Processed products | Cyclamic acid | 333 | 0 | |
Eel, Soft-shelled turtle | Enrofloxacin, Oxolinic acid, Sulfadimidine | 138 | 0 | |
Lotus seed | Aflatoxin | 2 | 0 | |
South Korea |
Tomato, Paprika, Cherry tomato | Chlorpyrifos , Fluquinconazole | 62 | 0 |
Bivalves | Paralytic shellfish poison, Diarrhetic shellfish poison | 60 | 0 | |
Cultured olive flounder | Enrofloxacin, Oxytetracycline | 4 | 0 | |
Thailand |
Okra, Green asparagus, Durian, Banana, Mango, Mangosteen | EPN, Imazalil, Chlorpyrifos, Cypermethrin, Propiconazole, Metalaxyl, mefenoxam | 1,351 | 0 |
Boiled crab | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 10 | 0 | |
Italy |
Almond, Pistachio | Aflatoxin | 150 | 0 |
Rice | Pirimiphos-methyl | 18 | 0 | |
Natural cheese | Listeria monocytogenes | 16 | 1 | |
India |
Cultured shrimp | Furazolidone | 898 | 1 |
Cumin seed, Black tea, Chili pepper, Chickpea | Glyphosate, Triazophos, Profenofos, Hexaconazole | 96 | 3 | |
Cassia torea, Fenugreek seed | Aflatoxin | 92 | 3 | |
USA |
Corn, Pistachio | Aflatoxin | 1,594 | 3 |
Celery | Bifenthrin | 90 | 1 | |
Natural cheese | Listeria monocytogenes | 5 | 0 | |
Other (28 countries and 1 region, total 36 items) |
16,081 | 35 | Total (Gross) |
41,742 | 111 |
Month of enhancement |
Subject country |
Subject food and details | Background and status |
---|---|---|---|
May | USA | Frozen vegetables and fruits |
Information was received stating that in the USA. a manufacturer was conducting voluntary recall of frozen vegetables and fruits for potential contamination with Listeria monocytogenes. When an import notification was made for such recall products, steps were taken for reshipment, etc. |
Term | Description |
---|---|
Nitrite | Additive (color fixative agent) |
Aflatoxin | Mycotoxin (produced by the fungus Aspergillus, etc.) |
Genetic modification | Technology such as fragmentation of bacterial genes, followed by arrangement of the gene sequences or introducing the arranged genes into other organism’s genes. |
Iprobenfos | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus fungicide) |
Imazalil | Agricultural chemical (imidazole fungicide) |
Endrin | Agricultural chemical (organochlorine insecticide) |
Enrofloxacin | Veterinary drug (new quinolone synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Oxytetracycline | Veterinary drug (tetracycline antibiotical agent) |
Oxolinic acid | Veterinary drug (quinolone synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Glyphosate | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus herbicide) |
Chloramphenicol | Veterinary drug |
Chlorpyrifos | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Chlorfenapyr | Agricultural chemical (Insecticide with pyrrole ring) |
Diarrhetic shellfish toxin | Shellfish poison (mainly refers to toxins produced by a harmful plankton accumulated in bivalves) |
Cyanide | Harmful or poisonous compound (cyanide-related compounds (e.g., cyanogenic glycoside) ) found in vegetables such as some varieties of beans. |
Difenoconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide) |
Diflubenzuron | Agricultural chemical (urea insecticide) |
Cypermethrin | Agricultural chemical (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Sucralose | Additive (sweetener) |
Sulfadiazine | Veterinary drug (synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Sulfadimidine | Veterinary drug (synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Sulfamethoxazole | Veterinary drug (synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Sorbic acid | Additive (preservative) |
Thiamethoxam | Agricultural chemical (neonicotinoid insecticide) |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus | Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium living in seawater (estuaries, coastal areas, etc.) that commonly contaminates fish and shellfish, and causes abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, fever and vomiting.) |
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli | Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that normally lives in the intestines of animals. It contaminates foods and drinking water by way of feces and urine, and causes acute abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea together with large amounts of blood after early cold-like symptoms.) |
Dieldrin (including aldrin) | Agricultural chemical (organochlorine insecticide) |
Deoxynivalenol | Mycotoxin (produced by the fungus Fusarium) |
Tebuconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide) |
Triazophos | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Sulfur dioxide | Additive (antioxidant agents) |
Patulin | Mycotoxin (produced by fungi such as Penicillium and Aspergillus, etc.) |
Bifenthrin | Agricultural chemical (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Pirimiphos-methyl | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Fenhexamid | Agricultural chemical (hydroxyanilide fungicide) |
Furazolidone | Veterinary drug (nitrofuran synthetic antibacterial agent), generates AOZ when metabolized |
Fluquinconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide) |
Propiconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide ) |
Profenofos | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Prometryn | Agricultural chemical (triazine herbicide) |
Hexaconazole | Agricultural chemical (triazole fungicide) |
Paralytic shellfish poison | Shellfish poison (mainly refers to toxins produced by a harmful plankton accumulated in clams) |
Malachite green | Veterinary drug (triphenylmethane synthetic antibacterial agent) |
Malathion | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Metalaxyl | Agricultural chemical (anilide fungicide) |
Mefenoxam | Agricultural chemical (anilide fungicide) |
Listeria monocytogenes | Pathogenic microorganism (A normal flora in the natural environment that contaminates daily products and processed meat products, and causes influenza-like symptoms including tiredness and fever) |
2,4-D | Agricultural chemical (phenoxy acid herbicide) |
4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid | Agricultural chemical (plant growth regulator) |
EPN | Agricultural chemical (organophosphorus insecticide) |