Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

(Appendix 1)

Contact:
Office of Imported Food Safety, Inspection and Safety Division, Department of Food Safety, Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Ext 2497,2474,2498)

Results of Monitoring and Guidance
Based on the Imported Foods Monitoring and
Guidance Plan for FY 2009

August 2010
Department of Food Safety, Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau,
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Inspection Results of Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2009

Introduction

Foods, additives, apparatus, containers and packaging, and childrens' toys (hereinafter referred to as "foods, etc.") imported by Japan in 2009 amounted to 30.6 million tons across 1.82 million import notifications. According to the "2009 Food Balance Sheet" published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the food self-sufficiency ratio in Japan is 40% (combined food self-sufficiency ratio by calorie intake), and 60% based on calorie intake is dependent on imports.

In order to ensure the safety of foods, etc., imported into Japan (hereinafter, "imported foods, etc."), the government established the imported food monitoring and guidance plan in 2009 (hereinafter, "the Plan"). The program is based on the Guidelines for Monitoring and Guidance for Food Sanitation (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Notification No. 301, 2003) as per the provisions of Article 23, paragraph 1 of the Food Sanitation Act (Act No. 233, 1947; hereinafter, "the Act"), and public comments were collected and risk communication carried out. The program was published in the Official Gazette as an official report according to the provisions of paragraph 3 of the same article, and monitoring and guidance for imported foods, etc., is being conducted based upon the Program.

The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare will publish an overview of the implementation of the monitoring and guidance for imported foods, etc., including an overview of the implementation of monitoring and inspections carried out under the Plan, the implementation of inspections of imported foods, etc. inspected or ordered, and an overview of the results thereof, and monitoring and guidance to importers and the results thereof.

Reference: Website on the “Safety of Imported Food”
https://www.mhlw.go.jp/topics/yunyu/tp0130-1.html

1. Overview of the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2009

1 What is the Imported Food Monitoring and Guidance Plan?

It is the plan (under Article 23 of the Act) for the implementation of monitoring and guidance of imported foods, etc. by the government.

Purpose: To further ensure the safety of imported foods, etc. by promoting intensive, effective and efficient import inspections and monitoring and guidance of importers.

2 Principles for Monitoring and Guidance for Imported Foods

Establishes a plan which aims to ensure sanitation at three stages, namely, in the exporting country, at the time of importation, and in domestic distribution, from the perspective of Article 4 (that is, food safety must be ensured internationally and domestically through appropriate measures at each stage of the food supply process) of the Food Safety Basic Act (Act No., 48 of 2003).

3 Priority Items for Monitoring and Guidance
4 Promotion of sanitation measures in exporting countries
5 Guidance on voluntary sanitation control by importers

*1: Systematic inspection using a statistical approach considering the import volume and violation ratio of each type of food.

*2: Inspection for products with a high probability of violation where an inspection is ordered of the importer for each importation, and import and distribution is not permitted without a pass.

*3: Regulations whereby the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare may prohibit sale or import of specific foods, etc. without inspection, in the event it is deemed necessary to prevent harm.

Overview of Monitoring Systems for Imported Foods

*1: Inspection for products with a high probability of violation where an inspection is ordered of the importer for each importation and import and distribution is not permitted without a pass.

*2: Systematic inspection using a statistical approach considering the import volume and violation ratio of each type of food.

*3: Inspection guidance for voluntary sanitation control by importers to confirm legal compliance of imported food, etc. upon initial importation.

2. Results of Imported Food Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2009

Measures have been taken as described below by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and quarantine stations to ensure the safety of imported foods, etc. at every stage from production, manufacturing and processing in the exporting country to domestic distribution, based on the fundamental approach that it is necessary to take appropriate measures.

(1) Confirmation of legal compliance with Article 27 of the Act at time of import notification


Examination of notifications using
computer system

Examination of compliance with the Act was made, primarily with the standards and criteria for foods, etc. under the provisions of Article 11 (1) and Article 18 (1) of the Act (hereinafter, "standards and criteria"), and inspections were carried out as required at the time of importation, based on import notifications made under the provisions of Article 27 of the Act.

Looking at the notifications, inspections and violations made in 2009 (Table 1), there were 1,821,269 notifications, and the weight of notified items, was 30,604,854 tons. Inspections were carried out on 231,638 items (12.7%), of which 1,559 cases (running total 1,641 cases) were found to be in violation of the Act, and steps were taken for their re-shipment, disposal, etc. These accounted for 0.1% of the number of notifications.

(2) Monitoring under Article 28 of the Act


Sample collection in a bonded
warehouse

Inspection numbers and inspection items to be carried out by quarantine stations were defined and inspections were planned for a total of 83,418 cases in FY 2009, considering previous importation data and violation rates for each food type, based on inspection numbers required to enable detection of violations to a statistically fixed degree of reliability.

With the implementation of the positive list system, the number of food sanitation inspectors has been increased from 341 to 368, and equipment for inspection of residual agricultural chemicals expanded. Additionally, the number of agricultural chemicals for inspection has been increased from 510 to 520 and the number of residual veterinary drugs from 140 to 150, based on the usage of agricultural chemicals overseas.

Checks on the implementation of monitoring inspections at every quarantine station have been carried out, and the Plan reviewed to enable inspections which conform to the realities of importation.

Looking at the Implementation of Monitoring Inspections for FY 2009 (Table 2), a total of 87,103 cases (actual number 47,848) were carried out compared to a total of 83,418 planned (an implementation rate of 104%), and of these, 176 cases (running total 176) were found to be in violation of the Act, and steps were taken for their recall, etc.

Inspections of the same food type are enhanced in response to the detection of violations of the Act during monitoring inspections, etc. (Table 3). Where multiple violations for residual agricultural chemicals or residual veterinary drugs are detected in foods from the same country, or for foods, etc. which are expected to have a high probability of violation of the Act, such foods, etc. will be subject to inspection upon each and every importation (Table 4). Foods in which aflatoxin or listeria is detected will be subject to immediate inspection (Table 5).

(3) Inspection orders under Article 26 of the Act

Subject countries and regions, subject foods, etc., and items for inspection have been defined, and inspection orders have been made under provisions of Article 26 of the Act for imported foods, etc. which have a high probability of violating the Act, to prevent harm to public health.

As of March 31st, 2010, 16 items from all exporting countries, and 205 items from 38 countries and 1 region were subject to inspection orders, and the record of inspection orders for FY 2009 (Table 6) shows 110,308 cases (running total 201,908) were implemented, of which 389 cases (running total 394) were found to be in violation of the Act and steps were taken for re-shipment or disposal, etc.

Inspection System at time of Importation

(4) Violations (*total number of cases in violation)

Breaking down cases of violation by provision (Table 7), of the 47,848 cases (running total 87,103) of monitoring inspections and the 110,308 cases (running total 201,908) of inspection orders, violations of Article 11 of the Act, which relates to microbial criteria, standards for residual agricultural chemicals, and standards for the use of additives in food, were most common at 849 cases (51.7%: as a proportion of 1, 641 violation cases). Next was violations of Article 6, which relates to contamination with hazardous or toxic substances such as aflatoxin, at 507 cases (30.9%), violations of Article 18, which relates to standards for apparatus or containers and packaging, at 160 cases (9.8%), violations of Article 10, which relates to the use of unspecified additives, at 73 cases (4.4%), and violations of Article 62 (mutatis mutandis application), which relates to standards for toys, at 48 cases (2.9%).

Compared with the same period of the previous year, violations of Article 6, Article 18, and Article 62 (mutatis mutandis application) increased. The increase in violations of Article 6 was due to stricter guidance for submitting of accident reports following defective rice problems. The increase in violations of Article 18 and Article 62 (mutatis mutandis application) was attributed to the increased number of import notifications considered subject to inspections, seemingly for examination purposes, and the expansion of the scope of toys subject to control.

Breaking down violations by inspection type, the most common were violations relating to decay, deterioration and fungus formation (Table 8-1), at 325 cases (19.8% as a proportion of 1,641 violations). Next was violations relating to residual agricultural chemicals (Table 8-2) at 309 cases (18.8%), violations relating to microbial criteria in frozen foods, etc. (Table 8-3) at 273 cases (16.6%), violations relating to undesignated additives used and additives in violations of usage standards (Table 8-4) at 188 cases (11.5%), violations relating to apparatus, containers and packaging (Table 8-5) at 160 cases (9.8%), violations relating to hazardous or toxic substances (Table 8-6) at 146 cases (8.9%), violations relating to residual veterinary drugs (Table 8-7) at 105 cases (6.4%), and violations relating to criteria for toys (Table 8-8) at 48 cases (2.9%).

Breaking down violations relating to decay, deterioration and fungus formation (Table 8-1) by country, the rankings were Ghana with 112 cases (34.5% as a proportion of all 325 violations relating to decay, deterioration and fungus formation), USA with 53 cases (16.3%), Colombia with 39 cases (12.0%), and Canada with 28 cases (8.6%). The principle products in violation in these cases were cacao beans from Ghana, wheat from USA, coffee beans from Colombia, and wheat and rapeseed from Canada.

Breaking down violations relating to residual agricultural chemicals (Table 8-2) by country, the rankings were Ghana with 78 cases (25.2% as a proportion of all 309 violations relating to residual agricultural chemicals), China with 58 cases (18.8%), and USA with 23 cases (7.4%). The principle products in violation in these cases were endosulfan, fenvalerate and imidacloprid in cacao beans from Ghana, aldicarb sulfoxide in spring onions from China, and acetamiprid in pistachio nuts from USA.

Breaking down violations relating to microbial criteria (Table 8-3) by country, the rankings were China with 71 cases (26.0% as a proportion of all 273 violations relating to microbial criteria), Thailand with 69 cases (25.3%), and Vietnam with 28 cases (10.3%). The principle products in violation in these cases were, for all countries, microbial criteria (bacterial count, coliform bacteria, E.coli) in frozen foods.

Breaking down violations relating to additives (Table 8-4) by country, the rankings were China with 36 cases (19.1% as a proportion of all 188 violations relating to additives), France with 17 cases (9.0%), and USA with 14 cases (7.4%). The principle products in violation in these cases were, excessive residual levels of sulphur dioxide in boiled vegetables from China, use of non-specified colorings in chocolates from France, and use of benzoic acid in syrup from USA.

Breaking down violations relating to apparatus, packaging and containers (Table 8-5) by country, the rankings were China with 100 cases (62.5% as a proportion of all 160 violations relating to apparatus, packaging and containers), USA with 10 cases (6.3%), and Italy and France with 7 cases (4.4%). The principle material in violation in these cases was composite resins, which accounted for 85 cases.

Breaking down violations relating to hazardous and toxic substances (Table 8-6) by country, the rankings were USA with 73 cases (50.0% as a proportion of all 146 violations relating to hazardous and toxic substances), China with 17 cases (11.6%), and India with 12 cases (8.2%). The principle products in violation in these cases were contamination with aflatoxins in maize from USA, contamination with aflatoxins in peanuts from China, and contamination with aflatoxins in cassia seeds from India.

Breaking down violations relating to residual veterinary drugs (Table 8-7) by country, the rankings were China with 70 cases (66.7% as a proportion of all 105 violations relating to residual veterinary drugs), Vietnam with 26 cases (24.8%), and Taiwan with 4 cases (3.8%). The principle products in violation in these cases were clenbuterol in pork products from China, chloramphenicol and furazolidone (as AOZ) in prawns from Vietnam, and furazolidone (as AOZ) and furaltadone (as AMOZ) in eels from Taiwan.

Breaking down violations relating to criteria for toys (Table 8-8) by country, the rankings were China with 42 cases (87.5% as a proportion of all 48 violations relating to criteria for toys), and six other countries with 1 case each (each 2.0%). The principle material in violation in these cases was a combination of materials in 28 cases.

(5) Emergency measures based on information from overseas on food sanitation issues

The monitoring system at the time of importation has been enhanced and an investigation into domestic distribution (Table 9) has been carried out regarding issues in FY 2009 including contamination of enterohemorrhagic E.coli in natural cheese produced in France, contamination of unapproved genetically modified substances produced in Canada, and contamination of hepatitis A virus in semi-dried tomatos produced in Australia. The investigation was based on information collected on overseas outbreaks of food poisoning and samples of food in violation of the Act collected by the National Institute of Health Sciences and the Cabinet Office Food Safety Commission. Sampling measures were ordered where import records were confirmed.

Further, on the matter of agricultural chemical poisoning due to frozen gyoza produced in China which occurred in January 2008, inspections for residual agricultural chemicals in processed food carried out on a total of 7,123 samples throughout FY 2009 resulted in no cases of violation.

(6) Promotion of Sanitation Measures in Exporting Countries


Inspection of a meat processing
facility

Information on products in violation of the Act has been provided to the governments of exporting countries where the products are subject to enhanced inspection orders or monitoring inspections, and requests have been made through bilateral talks for investigations into the causes of violations and that measures be taken to prevent recurrance.

As part of this, where it is necessary to confirm sanitation measures during the production or processing stages in the exporting country, such as with regards the issue of residual agricultural chemicals or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (hereinafter, "BSE"), specialists have been dispatched to exporting countries, and site surveys of sanitation measures in said exporting countries carried out (Table 10).

Site surveys have been carried out for meat produced in Australia, fruit and chicken produced in Thailand, and marine products produced in Vietnam, to confirm sanitation control systems in the exporting countries.

Site surveys were carried out from August 18th to 27th, 2009 at the 2 beef production facilities in Canada authorized for export to Japan, and observance of the Japan export program was verified.

Site surveys were carried out from November 11th to 22nd, 2009 at the 9 beef production facilities in USA authorized for export to Japan, and observance of the same Japan export program was verified.

Specialists were dispatched to USA to confirm sanitation control systems for genetically modified products and meat as part of sanitation control training organized by the governments of exporting countries.

Further, specialists were dispatched on technology cooperation projects operated by the Japanese International Corporation Agency (JICA).

(7) Promotion of pre-inspection sanitation measures in exporting countries

Since FY 2009, as a new preventative initiative, systematic information gathering and, where required, site surveys have been conducted in USA, Canada and China regarding sanitation measures at the exporting country stage, and initiatives of the governments of exporting countries, producers and manufacturers have been checked (Table 11).

[1] USA

A systematic survey of the control of residual agricultural chemicals in agricultural products is being implemented. Sanitation management is planned for residual agricultural chemicals in food for export to Japan, by sharing information on Japan's regulatory values and information on violations between the USA government, state governments, and businesses. Use of this information enables safety controls to be made on agricultural products for export to Japan.

[2] Canada

A systematic survey of genetically modified food is being implemented. Data on genetically modified foods which are yet to be examined for safety by Japan is gathered on food for export to Japan by the Canadian government, and seed management programs and scattering prevention measures are employed in the cultivation of genetically modified products to prevent export of these foods.

[3] China

Monitoring and management from production of raw materials to treatment and manufacturing processes, as well as pre-export inspections, are carried out on food for export to Japan by the Chinese government. Further, producers, manufacturers and processors of raw materials for export to Japan must be registered with the Chinese government and unregistered businesses are not permitted to export.

(8) Comprehensive import ban regulations under Articles 8 and 17

Article 8 and Article 17 of the Food Sanitation Act provide measures for the comprehensive banning of imports, as a method of enabling the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare to comprehensively ban the import or sale of specific foods from specific countries without requiring an inspection.

According to the "Guidelines for the Banning of the Sale or Import of Specific Foods, etc. under Article 8 (1) and Article 17 (1) of the Food Sanitation Act" (SHOKUHATSU No. 0906001 dated September 6th, 2002), before invoking measures for a comprehensive import ban on items which temporarily exceed a 5% violation rate in the latest 60 inspection orders, the status of sanitation controls is confirmed with the exporting country, and a request is made for improvements. However, no imported foods, etc. were subject to such claims or measures in FY 2009.

(9) Guidelines for implementation of voluntary sanitation controls by importers

The safety of foods, etc. to be imported is confirmed in advance by obtaining necessary materials from the producer or manufacturer. Additionally, guidance has been given to importers based on the Plan regarding foods, etc. which are to be imported to Japan for the first time and foods, etc. which have been subject to a violation. The guidance was given in meetings held at quarantine stations, in order that quarantine stations are briefed in advance.

Officers from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and quarantine stations were dispatched to training courses and workshops held by related organizations in order to raise awareness of food sanitation with importers, and as a result importers in general understand the details.

Based on concerns over the contamination of hazardous or toxic substances in food, the collection of information on sanitation measures in exporting countries is being promoted, and, in precautionary efforts to prevent incidents, importers have been made aware that, for processed foods in particular, necessary checks are to be made anew at the raw materials, manufacture and processing, storage, and distribution stages, based on the "Guidelines for Voluntary Control of Imported Processed Food" dated June 2008. These guidelines enable confirmation that sanitation controls implemented by importers are employed effectively, through inspections of initiatives by associated organizations.

Looking at the figures for pre-import guidance given by Offices of Imported Food Consultation (known as import consultations) in quarantine stations in FY 2009 (Table 12), a total of 34,245 cases by product received import consultations, of which 310 cases (total 417) were identified as non-compliant with the Act in advance.

Breaking down the cases which were non-compliant with the Act by the specific provision (Table 13), violations of Article 11 which relates to standards and criteria for usage of additives were most common with 200 cases (48.0% as a proportion of 417 violations), and violations of Article 10 which relates to the use of undesignated additivies with a total of 194 cases (46.5%).


Meeting at a Quarantine Station

Breaking this down by country (Table 14), USA had the most cases at 102 (24.5% as a proportion of 417 violations), followed by Indonesia with 53 cases (12.7%), and Italy with 33 cases (7.9%). The order when listed by type of item and violation was: use of undesignated additives in soft drinks from USA, use of undesignated additives in instant noodles from Indonesia, and use of undesignated additives in pastries from Italy.

Where the import consultation determined a non-compliance with the Act, appropriate measures were taken to ensure compliance, and guidance given to suspend import until improvements were made. After improvements were made and documentation showing compliance with the Act provided, guidance was given to carry out checks such as inspections for fulfillment of standards and criteria for said foods, etc., by importing sample products as required.

(10) Disclosure of information on violations of imported foods, and cooperation with prefectures

Details of violations including the names, addresses and imported foods, etc. of importers in violation of the Act were listed and published on the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare homepage, based on provisions of Article 63 of the Act, in order to clarify the food sanitation risk. Along with the names, etc. of parties in violation, measures taken to rectify matters, the cause of the violation, and method of disposal were also identified and published.

Imported foods, etc. which had already passed customs at the time they are identified as being in violation were promptly recalled with the cooperation of the relevant prefectural governments. Imported foods, etc. discovered to be in violation through domestic market inspections by prefectural governments (Table 15) led to enhanced inspections where required.

Table 1 – Notifications, Inspections, and Violations (FY 2009)
Notifications
(cases)		 Imported Weight
(thousand tons)		 Inspections*1
(cases)		 Proportion*2
(%)		 Violations
(cases)		 Proportion*2
(%)
1,821,269 30,605 231,638
(110,308)*3		 12.7 1,559
(394)*3		 0.1
(0.4)*3
(FY 2008)
1,759,123		 31,551 193,917 11 1,150 0.1

*1 Inspections by authorities, registered inspection organizations and overseas public organizations, deducting duplicates.

*2 Proportion as compared to notifications.

*3 Number of inspection orders.

Table 2 – Implementation of Monitoring Inspections (FY 2009)
Food Group Inspected Substances*１ Number Planned in FY*2 Actual Number Violations
Livestock Foods
Beef, pork, chicken, horse meat, poultry meat, other meats		 Antibacterial substances, etc. 2,153 2,237 0
Residual agricultural chemicals 1,884 2,160 0
Additives - 1 0
Standards for constituents 716 760 0
SRM removal - 3,537 0
Processed Livestock Foods
Natural cheeses, processed meat products, ice cream, frozen (meat) products, etc.		 Antibacterial substances, etc. 2,685 2,548 2
Residual agricultural chemicals 1,067 1,275 0
Additives 1,277 1,626 0
Standards for constituents 2,058 2,123 5
Seafood Products
Bivalves, fish, shellfish (shrimps, prawns, crabs), etc.		 Antibacterial substances, etc. 2,297 2,444 4
Residual agricultural chemicals 2,087 2,380 0
Additives 267 296 0
Standards for constituents 596 897 0
Processed Seafood
Processed fish products (fillet, dried or minced fish, etc.), frozen food (seafood, fish), processed marine product eggs, etc.		 Antibacterial substances, etc. 4,331 4,444 4
Residual agricultural chemicals 2,231 3,254 0
Additives 1,872 2,492 0
Standards for constituents 3,642 4,139 28
Radiation - 5 2
Agricultural Foods
Vegetables, fruit, wheat, maize, pulses, peanuts, nuts, seeds, etc.		 Antibacterial substances, etc. 705 947 0
Residual agricultural chemicals 14,496 15,434 71
Additives 836 873 0
Standards for constituents 1,003 956 0
Mycotoxins 2,929 3,273 3
GMOs 685 1,005 1
Radiation - 26 0
Processed Agricultural Foods
Frozen foods (processed vegetables), processed vegetable products, processed fruit products, seasonings, instant noodles, etc.		 Antibacterial substances, etc. 119 175 0
Residual agricultural chemicals 9,140 8,712 19
Additives 4,314 4,869 2
Standards for constituents 2,628 2,749 17
Mycotoxins 1,819 1,728 4
GMOs 333 148 2
Radiation 601 239 4
Other Foods
Health foods, soups, flavorings, pastries, cooking oils, frozen food products, etc.		 Antibacterial substances, etc. - 9 1
Residual agricultural chemicals 177 393 0
Additives 2,837 2,925 1
Standards for constituents 717 646 2
Mycotoxins 717 741 0
GMOs - 1 0
Radiation - 1 0
Beverages
Mineral waters, soft drinks, alcoholic drinks, etc.		 Residual agricultural chemicals 418 462 0
Additives 836 1,034 0
Standards for constituents 1,016 915 1
Mycotoxins 119 98 0
Additives, apparatus, containers and packaging, toys Standards for constituents, etc. 2,810 2,126 3
Total (gross)
5,000 cases of the total cases planned for the FY were part of enhanced monitoring		 83,418 87,103
Ratio: 104%		 176

*1: Examples of inspected substances

*2: Rough estimate of the number of item-by-item inspections of antibacterial substances, agricultural chemicals, etc.

Table 3 – Items Subject to Enhanced Monitoring Inspections in FY 2009 *2
Country/Region Subject Foods Inspected Substances
China Honey Chloramphenicol
Shiso (Perilla) Hexaflumuron, Isoprocarb
Lychee Metamidophos, 4-CPA
Edamame (Green soybeans) Propham
Small peanut Daminozide
Wasabi Phoxim
Potato Aldicarb sulfoxide
Spinach Chlorfenapyr
Asparagus Isocarbophos, Atrazine, Alachlor
Farmed shrimp and prawn Enrofloxacin
Chinese mitten crab Malachite green
Shiitake mushroom Chlorphrifos
Edible sea urchin Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3
Boiled octopus Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3
Thailand Mango Pirimiphos-methyl, Pyraclostrobin
Holy basil Chlorpyrifos
Indian spinach Ethiprole
Asparagus Diuron
Spinach Chlorfenapyr
Water mimosa Triazophos
Eryngium foetidum Cypermethrin
South Korea Green chili Flonicamid
Red chili Hexaconazole
Non-glutinous rice Hexaconazole
Jujube Tebuconazole, Pyraclostrobin
Daikon radish Dimethomorph
Amaranthus tricolor Hexaconazole
Blood cockle for raw consumption Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3
Sea urchin for raw consumption Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3
Tairagigai (Atrina pectinata) for raw consumption Vibrio parahaemolyticus*4
Vietnam Edamame (Green soybeans) Lufenuron
Immature peas Acephate, Propiconazole
Shiso (Perilla) Profeniofos
Basa (type of catfish) Trifluralin
India Fermented tea Hexaconazole
Sesame seeds Parathion-methyl
Cumin seeds Iprobenfos
Capsicum annuum Difenoconazole
Ghana Cacao beans Imidacloprid, Fenitrothion, Permethrin
USA Broccoli Flonicamid
Raspberry Bifenazate
Pistachio nuts Acetamiprid
Indonesia Edamame (Green soybeans) Chlorfenapyr
Immature peas Profenofos
Canada Farmed salmon / trout Crystal violet*5
Soybeans Thiamethoxam
Philippines Mango Tebuconazole, Flusilazole
Sea urchin for raw consumption Vibrio parahaemolyticus*3
Italy Celery Difenoconazole
Iran Cumin Profenofos
Australia Rutabaga (type of turnip) Fluazifop
Sri Lanka Chili pepper Triazophos
Taiwan Banana Dinotefuran
Dominican Republic Mango Cyproconazole
New Zealand Beetroot Difenoconazole
Paraguay Sesame seeds Carbaryl
France Turnip root Defenoconazole
Poland Redcurrants Flusilazole
Hong Kong Abalone (Sulculus diversicolor) Nitrofurans
Honduras Sesame seeds Triazophos
Myanmar Sesame seeds Carbaryl
Mexico Avocado Aceohate
Russia Honey Chloramphenicol
Excluding India, Indonesia and Myanmar Turmeric Aflatoxin
All Exporting Countries Mixed spices including nutmeg Aflatoxin
Sunflower seeds Aflatoxin

*1 Enhanced monitoring inspections, which are normally to be implemented after a violation has been detected, were conducted on 30% of all import notifications in FY 2009. However, if no similar violations were detected within 60 enhanced monitoring inspections or within 1 year, the items in question were subjected to the normal inspection system.

*2 Excludes items included in Table 4.

*3 As a step to enhance inspections during the summer period, all (100%) import notifications were inspected (Jun-Oct 2009).

*4 As a step to enhance inspections during the summer period, 30% of import notifications were inspected (Jun-Oct 2009).

Table 4 – Items Transferred to Inspection Order after Enhanced Monitoring Inspections in FY 2009
Country / Region Subject Foods Inspected Substances
China Pork Clenbuterol
Welsh onion Aldicarb sulfoxide
Lychee Imazalil
Chinese mitten crab Furazolidone (as AOZ)
Farmed shrimps and prawns Furazolidone (as AOZ)
India Black tea (limited to manufacturers) Hexaconazole
Cumin seeds Profenofos
Indonesia Coffee beans Carbaryl
Belgium Leek Difenoconazole
Myanmar Sesame seeds Imidacloprid
Thailand Kaffir lime leaves Profenofos
Table 5 – Items Immediately Transferred to Inspection Order in FY 2009
Country / Region Subject Foods Inspected Substances
South Korea Paprika Flonicamid*
France Soft and semi-soft natural cheese (limited to manufacturers) Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O103
Australia Cotton seeds Aflatoxin
Myanmar Turmeric Aflatoxin
Indonesia Tuna filets for raw consumption (limited to manufacturers) Salmonella
Italy Natural cheese (limited to manufacturers) Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O26
Canada Flax Unapproved genetically modified hemp (FP967)*
China Lotus seeds Aflatoxin

* Transferred to inspection order due to multiple violations over a similar period.

Table 6 – Major Items Subject to Inspection Orders and Inspection Outcomes (FY 2009)
Country/Region Major Subject Foods Major Inspected Substances Inspections Violations
All Exporting Countries
(16 items)		 Peanuts, nuts, chili peppers, etc. Aflatoxin 9,780 67
Salted salmon roe Nitrite 632 4
Beans containing cyanide, cassava Cyanide compounds 352 2
Puffer fish Differentiation of fish species 1 0
China
(47 items)		 Chicken, pork, shrimps and prawns, eels, honey, etc. Nitrofurans, clenbuterol, Tetracyline antibiotics, Malachite green, etc. 62,379 60
Vegetables, fruit, beans, fish (shiitake mushrooms, Welsh leek, loach, etc.) Fenpropathrin, Tebufenozide, Methamidophos, Pyrimethanil, etc. 36,341 28
Milk, dairy products, and processed products containing these Melamine 9,590 3
Bivalves Paralytic shellfish toxin, Diarrhetic shellfish toxin 6,752 2
Processed eel products, etc. Bacteria count, Coliform bacteria 1,013 2
All processed foods Cyclamic acid 1,090 1
Thailand
(27 items)		 Vegetables, fruit
(green asparagus, okra, mango, banana, etc.)		 EPN, Chlorpyrifos, Cypermethrin 1,934 4
Farmed shrimps and prawns Oxolinic acid 3,112 0
Basil seeds Aflatoxin 2 0
South Korea
(20 items)		 Jackknife clam, basket clam, pork, etc. Endosulfan, Sulfamethazine 158 4
Vegetables
(mini tomato, chili peppers, paprika, perilla)		 Fluquinconazole, Ethoprophos, Chlorpyrifos, Bifenthrin, etc. 428 2
Bivalves Paralytic shellfish toxin, Diarrhetic shellfish toxin 591 0
Bloody clam, tairagigai for raw consumption Vibrio parahaemolyticus 2 0
Taiwan
(15 items)		 Vegetables, fruit, tea
(oolong tea, garlic chives, mango, etc.)		 Bromopropylate, Chlorphrifos, Cyfluthrin, etc. 536 4
Eels, royal jelly, soft-shelled turtles Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurans, etc. 5,595 4
Processed foods, etc. Cyclamic acid, Carbon monoxide 42 0
USA
(13 items)		 Maize, almond, etc. Aflatoxin 2,782 50
Vegetables, cereals (parsley, celery, etc.) Chlorpyrifos, Boscalid, etc. 526 1
Vietnam
(8 items)		 Shrimps and prawns, squid, eels Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurans, etc. 28,030 26
Spinach Indoxacarb 112 2
Sesame seeds, etc. Aflatoxin 28 0
Marine products Shigella 10 0
Processed foods, etc. Cyclamic acid 83 0
Other (33 countries, total of 75 items) 30,007 128
Total 201,908 394
Table 7 – Violations by Legal Provision (FY 2009)
Provision Violated Violations (cases) Proportion (%) Brief Details of Violation
Article 6
(Distribution of prohibited foods and additives)		 507 30.9 Aflatoxin contamination in peanuts, job's tears, maize, red pepper, cacao beans, sesame seeds, almonds, etc.; poisonous fish contamination; detection of diarrhetic shellfish toxin; detection of cyanide; detection of Listeria from uncooked meat products; and decay, deterioration and fungus formation due to accidents during the transport of rice, wheat, etc.
Article 9
(Limitation on distribution, etc. of diseased meat, etc.)		 4 0.2 No hygiene certificate attached
Article 10
(Limitation on distribution, etc. of additives, etc.)		 73 4.4 Contains undesignated additives such as melamine, cyclamic acid, azorubin, tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), quinoline yellow, patent blue 3, acid blue 3, iodized salt, methylene chloride, carbon monoxide, etc.
Article 11
(Standards and criteria for foods and additives)		 849 51.7 Violation of standards for constituents for vegetables or frozen vegetables (violation of standards on residual agricultural chemicals), violation of standards for constituents for marine products and processed products thereof (violation of standards on residual veterinary drugs, violation of standards on residual agricultural chemicals), violation of standards for constituents for other processed foods (Escherichia coli test, etc.), violation of standards on use of additives (sorbic acid, benzoic acid, sulfur dioxide, etc.), and violation of standards for constituents for additives.
Article 18
(Standards and criteria for apparatus, containers and packaging)		 160 9.8 Violation of criteria for apparatus, containers and packaging
Violation of materials criteria for raw materials
Article 62
(Mutatis mutandis application for toys, etc.)		 48 2.9 Violations of criteria for toys or their raw materials
Total 1,641 (Gross)*1
1,559 (Real)*2		  

*1: Gross number of inspections by inspected substance.

*2: Number of notifications for which inspections were carried out.

Table 8-1 – Violations by Country and Item for Decay, Deterioration and Fungus Formation (FY 2009)
Country of Production
(cases*)		 Item Type Cases*
Ghana (112) Cacao beans 112
USA (53) Wheat 25
Rice 10
Soybeans 7
Maize 5
Peanuts 3
Rapeseed 1
Broccoli 1
Salmon roe 1
Colombia (39) Coffee beans 39
Canadaﾞ (28) Wheat 14
Rapeseed 13
Soybeans 1
Thailand (21) Rice 21
Brazil (19) Coffee beans 11
Soybeans 8
Indonesia (15) Coffee beans 15
Vietnam (11) Coffee beans 11
Guatemala (8) Coffee beans 8
China (4) Rice 3
Buckwheat 1
Ethiopia (3) Coffee beans 3
Honduras (3) Coffee beans 3
Australia (2) Wheat 2
Cameroon (2) Cacao beans 2
India (1) Tea substitute 1
Costa Rica (1) Coffee beans 1
Tanzania (1) Coffee beans 1
Dominican Republic (1) Coffee beans 1
Mexico (1) Coffee beans 1
Total 325

* Meaning gross number of violations.

Table 8-2 – Violations by Country, Item and Violation Detail for Residual Agricultural chemicals (FY 2009)
Country of Production Item Category Violation Details Cases*
New/Prior Standards Uniformity Standard
Ghana Cacao beans Endosulfan (Benzoepin) (18), Imidacloprid (14), Permethrin (13), Pirimiphos-methyl (12), Chlorpyrifos Fenvalerate (17), Fenitrothion (MEP) (2), Thiamethoxam 78
China Sesame seeds Dicofol (3)   58
Shiso (including leaves)   Isoprocarb (MIPC)
Ginger   BHC (2)
Loach Endosulfan (Benzoepin) (2)  
Welsh onion   Aldicarb sulfoxide (18), Tebufenozide
Matsutake mushroom Chlorpyrifos (2)  
Lychee Imazalil (3), 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid  
Wasabi Phoxim (3)  
Asparagus Atrazine, Alachlor  
Edamame (green soybeans)   Fenpropathrin
Carrot   Acephate
Garlic stalk   Pyrimethanil
Bell pepper   Difenoconazole (5)
Spinach Chlorpyrifos  
Salad onion   Pyrimethanil (2)
Mixed vegetables (shiitake only)   Bifenthrin
Mixed vegetables (uncooked beans only)   Fenpropathrin
Prepared vegetables (paprika) Difenoconazole  
Immature beans   Fenpropathrin
Dried wood ear mushroom Chlorpyrifos  
Large peanuts   Acetochlor (2)
Tea substitute (persimmon leaves) Total A: Carbendazim, etc.  
Half-fermented tea Triazophos  
Non-fermented tea Triazophos  
USA Celery Boscalid (2)   23
Pistachio nuts   Acetamiprid (19)
Raspberry    Bifenazate
Red pepper Triazophos  
India Sesame seeds   Parathion-methyl 21
Fermented tea Hexaconazole  
Cumin Profenofos (9) IBP (Iprobenfos)
Red peppers Triazophos (8) Difenoconazole
South Korea Jackknife clam Endosulfan (Benzoepin) (2)   18
Basket clam Endosulfan (Benzoepin) (2)  
Other non-glutinous rice Hexaconazole  
Other berries (jujube) Tetraconazole Pyraclostrobin
Other vegetables (Amaranthus tricolor) Hexaconazole  
Daikon radish   Dimethomorph
Paprika Flonicamid (2)  
Mini tomato   Fluquinconazole (2)
Green pepper Flonicamid Difenoconazole (2)
Red pepper Hexaconazole (2)  
Ecuador Cacao beans   2,4-D (18) 18
Thailand Eryngium foetidum Cypermethrin   14
Holy basil Chlorpyrifos  
Green asparagus Diuron (DCMU)  
Kaffir lime leaves Profenofos (2)  
Indian spinach   Ethiprole
Pandanus Chlorpyrifos (3)  
Mango Pyraclostrobin  
Water mimosa Triazophos  
Lemongrass   EPN (2)
Spinach   Chlorfenapyr
Canada Soybeans Thiamethoxam   10
Common bean Glyphosate (9)  
Indonesia Coffee bean   Carbaryl (NAC) (2) 10
Immature peas Profenofos  
Edamame (green soybeans) Chlorfenapyr (7)  
Brazil Coffee beans   Pyraclostrobin (6) 7
Wheat flour   Methamidophos
Ethiopia Coffee beans γ-BHC (Lindane) (5)   5
Taiwan Carrot Methamidophos (2) Acephate (2) 5
Banana   Dinotefuran
Belgium Leek   Difenoconazole (4) 4
Myanmar Sesame seeds   Imidacloprid (3), Carbaryl (NAC) 4
Sudan Sesame seeds   Carbaryl (NAC) (4) 4
Venezuela Cacao beans   2,4-D (4) 4
France Redcurrants   Flusilazole 3
Blackcurrants   Flusilazole (2)
Peru Quinoa Methamidophos (3)   3
Vietnam Snap peas Acephate   3
Dried vegetables (shiso) Profenofos  
Spinach   Indoxacarb
Paraguay Sesame seeds   Imidacloprid (2), Carbaryl (NAC) 3
Australia Turnip root   Fluazifop (2) 2
Hungary Sesame seeds Triazophos (2)   2
Italy Celery   Difenoconazole 2
Spring onion Chlorpyrifos  
Dominican Republic Mango   Cyproconazole 1
Spain Hazelnuts   MCPA (MCP) 1
Hong Kong Dried wood ear mushroom Chlorpyrifos   1
Iran Cumin Profenofos   1
Sri Lanka Red pepper Triazophos   1
Mexico Avocado   Acephate 1
New Zealand Other vegetables (beet)   Difenoconazole 1
Philippines Mango   Flusilazole 1
Total 309

* Gross number of violations.

Table 8-3 – Violations by Country, Item and Violation Details for Microbial Criteria (FY 2009)
Country of Production Item Type Violation Details Cases*
China Hermetically packaged, pressure and heat sterilized food products Possible microbes 71
Frozen food (vegetables) Coliform group (5), E.coli (4)
Meat products E.coli
Frozen food (other) Bacteria count (4), Coliform group (2), E.coli
Frozen food (shellfish) Bacteria count (4), Coliform group (2)
Fish paste products Coliform group
Frozen food (marine animals) Bacteria count (3), Coliform group (3)
Frozen food (fish) Coliform group
Frozen food (squid) E.coli (2), Bacteria count, Coliform group
Frozen food (shrimp) Coliform group (2), Bacteria count
Frozen food (farmed) Coliform group (2), E.coli
Boiled crab Coliform group
Boiled octopus Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Powdered soft drink Bacteria count
Chilled sea urchin Vibrio parahaemolyticus (MPN)
Thailand Frozen food (fish) Coliform group (13), Bacteria count (7), E.coli 69
Frozen food (shrimp) Bacteria count (11), Coliform group (4), E.coli
Frozen food (other) Bacteria count (9), Coliform group, E.coli
Frozen food (squid) Bacteria count (4), Coliform group (2), E.coli
Frozen food (farmed) Coliform group (2), E.coli
Meat products E.coli
Frozen food (fruit) Coliform group
Frozen food (marine animals) Bacteria count, Coliform group
Soft drinks Coliform group
Hermetically packaged, pressure and heat sterilized food products Possible microbes
Frozen food (shellfish) Bacteria count
Boiled crab Coliform group
Frozen food (vegetables) Coliform group
Vietnam Frozen food (squid) Coliform group (4), Bacteria count (3), E.coli 28
Frozen food (shrimp) Bacteria count (4), Coliform group (2), E.coli (2)
Frozen food (fruit) Bacteria count (2), Coliform group
Frozen food (other) E.coli
Frozen food (vegetables) E.coli
Boiled octopus Bacteria count
Frozen food (shellfish) Bacteria count
Frozen food (fish) Bacteria count
Frozen food (marine animals) Coliform group
Fish paste products Coliform group
Italy Frozen food (other) Bacteria count (5), Coliform group (4) 20
Frozen food (vegetables) E.coli (3), Bacteria count (2)
Meat products Staphylococcus aureus (4), Coliform group
Butter Coliform group
Indonesia Frozen food (fish) Bacteria count (4), Coliform group (2) 12
Frozen food (fruit) Bacteria count, Coliform group
Boiled octopus Bacteria count, Coliform group
Frozen food (shrimp) Bacteria count
Frozen food (other) E.coli
Philippines Frozen sea urchin Bacteria count (3), Coliform group (2) 12
Frozen food (fruit) Bacteria count, Coliform group
Soft drinks Coliform group
Additives E.coli
Frozen food (squid) Bacteria count
Frozen food (fish) Coliform group
Frozen food (marine animals) Bacteria count
Taiwan Frozen food (fish) Bacteria count (2), Coliform group 9
Frozen food (vegetables) Coliform group, E.coli
Cup ice cream Coliform group
Soft drinks Coliform group
Hermetically packaged, pressure and heat sterilized food products Possible microbes
Frozen food (other) Bacteria count
South Korea Frozen food (shellfish) Vibrio parahaemolyticus (MPN) (2), Bacteria count 8
Frozen food (fish) Coliform group
Powdered soft drink Bacteria count
Chilled sea urchin Vibrio parahaemolyticus (MPN)
France Frozen food (other) Coliform group (5), Bacteria count 7
Frozen food (vegetables) Bacteria count
USA Frozen food (other) Coliform group (2), Bacteria count 6
Powdered soft drink Bacteria count, Coliform group
Meat products E.coli
Belgium Ice cream Coliform group (2), Bacteria count 6
Frozen food (vegetables) Coliform group, E.coli
Frozen desert Bacteria count
Chile Frozen food (fish) Coliform group (2), Bacteria count 4
Frozen food (shellfish) Coliform group
Brazil Meat products E.coli 3
Soft drinks Coliform group
Malaysia Boiled octopus Bacteria count 2
Frozen food (other) Coliform group
Canada Frozen food (marine animals) Coliform group 2
Frozen food (vegetables) Coliform group
Ghana Frozen food (fruit) Bacteria count, E.coli 2
Mexico Frozen food (fruit) Coliform group 2
Norway Frozen food (fish) Coliform group 2
Australia Oysters E.coli (MPN) 1
Spain Frozen food (other) Bacteria count 1
Hong Kong Frozen food (marine animals) Bacteria count 1
India Frozen food (other) E.coli 1
Holland Cream Coliform group 1
Peru Frozen food (fruit) Coliform group 1
Pakistan Frozen food (other) Bacteria count 1
Singapore Frozen food (other) Bacteria count 1
Total 273

* Gross number of violations.

Table 8-4 – Violations by Country, Item and Violation Details for Additives (FY 2009)
Country of Production Item Type Violation Details Cases*
China Processed agricultural products (processed tofu products, etc.) Polysorbate (2), Benzoic acid (2), TBHQ, Cyclamic acid, Melamine 36
Boiled vegetables Sulfur dioxide (3)
Seasoned dried products (squid) Cyclamic acid (2), Dehydroacetic acid
Seasonings Sorbic acid (2), Cyclamic acid
Health foods TBHQ, Choline chloride, Sulfur dioxide
Frozen food (marine products) Cyclamic acid, Carbon monoxide
Frozen food (other processed products) Melamine (2)
Chilled crab Sulfur dioxide (2)
Dried agricultural products (vegetables, mushrooms) Sulfur dioxide (2)
Dried plums Cyclamic acid, Sucralose
Gelatin Cyclamic acid, Sulfur dioxide
Tea substitute Orange II, Sulfur dioxide
Preserved food boiled in soy Sorbic acid
Soft drinks Benzoic acid
Vegetable oil TBHQ
France Chocolate Quinoline Yellow (6), Patent blue V (4), Azorubin 17
Bakery products Azorubin (3)
Carbonated drinks with fruit juice Potassium sorbate
Sugar Azorubin
Liqueur Azorubin
USA Syrup Benzoic acid (3) 14
Salmon roe Nitrate (2)
Liqueur BHT, BHA
Dried fruit Sulfur dioxide, Sorbic acid
Fruit juice ingredients Benzoic acid
Frozen food Propionic acid
Seasonings Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
Coffee beans Propylene glycol
Meat preparations TBHQ
Thailand Sauces Benzoic acid (3), Sorbic acid 14
Fruit in syrup Sulfur dioxide (2)
Tapioca starch Sulfur dioxide (2)
Frozen food (noodles) Yellow No. 4, Yellow No. 5
Chocolate Sulfur dioxide
Frozen tuna Carbon monoxide (zero day sample)
Dried papaya Orange II
Roasted peanuts Saccharin sodium
Spain Pickles (olives) Ferrous gluconate (9) 12
Dried apricots Sulfur dioxide
Seasonings Azorubin
Chocolate Acid blue 3
Vietnam Seasoned dried products (seafood) Sulfur dioxide (3), Sorbic acid (2) 11
Coffee beans Cyclamic acid (2)
Dry noodles (rice vermicelli) Sulfur dioxide
Sweeteners Sulfur dioxide
Frozen food Sulfur dioxide
Vegetable preparations TBHQ
Italy Frozen food (noodles) Food Red No. 102 (4) 11
Chocolate Azorubin (2)
Seasonings Sulfur dioxide (2)
Fruit vinegar Sorbic acid
Fruit puree and paste Azorubin
Candy Orange II
Australia Processed seafood products Sulfur dioxide (3) 6
Chocolate TBHQ
Seasonings Benzoic acid
Meat products (bacon) Nitrate
Philippines Processed fruit products Sulfur dioxide (2) 6
Snack foods TBHQ
Margarine TBHQ
Fish sauce Benzoic acid
Fish seasoning (sardines) Sorbic acid
Denmark Biscuits Azorubin (4) 6
Salmon roe Nitrate (2)
Germany Carbonated drinks with fruit juice Dimethyl dicarbonate (2) 5
Mixed cakes Iodized salt (2)
Wine Sulfur dioxide
Peru Seasonings Sulfur dioxide, Benzoic acid 5
Pickles (olives) Benzoic acid
Assorted powdered grains Azorubin
Milk product with added vitamins or flavors Polysorbate
Indonesia Snack foods TBHQ (3), Sulfur dioxide (2) 5
Chile Boiled (snails) Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (2), Sulfur dioxide (2) 4
South Korea Kim chi Sorbic acid (3) 4
Other vegetable proteins Sulfur dioxide
Taiwan Alcoholic beverage Cyclamic acid 3
Grain vinegar Cyclamic acid
Processed agricultural products Sorbic acid
Holland Chocolate Quinoline Yellow, Azorubin, Acid blue 3 3
Malaysia Chocolate Sorbic acid (3), Isopropanol (3) 6
Canada Pastry Sorbic acid (3), Propyl gallate 4
Brazil Pastry TBHQ (3) 3
India Dried ginger Sulfur dioxide (2) 3
Fruit preparations TBHQ
Belgium Chocolate Azorubin, Copper chlorophyll 2
Turkey Dried apricots Sulfur dioxide (2) 2
New Zealand Jam Green S 1
UK Fermented tea Methylene chloride 1
Austria Chocolate Azorubin 1
Singapore Plant based health foods Ethylene oxide 1
Cyprus Mixed fruit juice Tocopherol acetate 1
Kazakhstan Soft drinks (natural fruit juice) Azorubin 1
Total 188

* Total number of cases of violation.

Table 8-5 – Violations by Country and Material for Apparatus, Containers and Packaging (FY 2009)
Country of Production Material Type Violation Details Cases*
China Synthetic resins Evaporation residue (35), Potassium permanganate consumption (7), Lead (5), Caprolactam (4), Coloring (3), Cadmium (1), Phenol (1), Formaldehyde (1) 100
Combination Evaporation residue (7), Coloring (5), Potassium permanganate consumption (4),Caprolactam (3), Lead (3), Bis (2-ethylexyl)phthalate (1),Cadmium (1), Zinc (1), Heavy metals (as lead) (1)
Ceramics Lead (10), Cadmium (3)
Rubber Zinc (3), Lead (1)
USA Synthetic resins Lead (3), Caprolactam (1) 10
Combination Potassium permanganate consumption (2), Evaporation residue (1)
Rubber Zinc (3)
Italy Synthetic resins Cadmium (2), Evaporation residue (2), Caprolactam (1),Potassium permanganate consumption (1) 7
Rubber Zinc (1)
France Combination Caprolactam (1), Cadmium (1) 7
Ceramics Lead (1), Cadmium (1)
Synthetic resins Lead (1), Cadmium (1)
Glass Lead (1)
South Korea Synthetic resins Evaporation residue (1), Potassium permanganate consumption (1), Antimony (1), Lead (1) 6
Combination Antimony (1)
Rubber Zinc (1)
Taiwan Synthetic resins Potassium permanganate consumption (2), Evaporation residue (1), Cadmium (1), Lead (1) 6
Combination Coloring (1)
Slovenia Combination Caprolactam (1), Evaporation residue (1), Potassium permanganate consumption (1) 3
Thailand Synthetic resins Volatile materials (2) 3
Rubber Zinc (1)
Bulgaria Glass Lead (2), Cadmium (1) 3
Morocco Glass Lead (1), Cadmium (1) 3
Ceramics Lead (1)
UK Ceramics Cadmium (1) 2
Synthetic resins Caprolactam (1)
Spain Synthetic resins Evaporation residue (1) 2
Rubber Zinc (1)
Vietnam Combination Lead (1) 2
Synthetic resins Cadmium (1)
Malaysia Rubber Zinc (2) 2
Indonesia Synthetic resins Lead (1) 1
Denmark Synthetic resins Evaporation residue (1) 1
New Zealand Rubber Zinc (1) 1
Mexico Rubber Zinc (1) 1
Total 160

* Gross number of violations.

Table 8-6 – Violations by Country, Item and Violation Details for Hazardous and Toxic Substances (FY 2009)
Country of Production Item Type Violation Detail Cases*
USA Maize Aflatoxin (49) 73
Almonds Aflatoxin (6)
Peanuts Aflatoxin (5)
Pistachio nuts Aflatoxin (4)
Dried figs Aflatoxin (3)
Peanut butter Aflatoxin (2)
Nutmeg Aflatoxin
Other nuts Aflatoxin
Linseed oil Cyanide
Health foods Cyanide
China Peanuts Aflatoxin (11) 17
Red pepper Aflatoxin (2)
Almonds Aflatoxin
Lotus seeds Aflatoxin
Arch shell Diarrhetic shellfish toxin
Frozen food (shellfish) Diarrhetic shellfish toxin
India Cassia seeds Aflatoxin (5) 12
Peanuts Aflatoxin (3)
Mixed spice Aflatoxin (2)
Nutmeg Aflatoxin
Red pepper Aflatoxin
Sri Lanka Red pepper Aflatoxin (5) 7
Curry powder Aflatoxin
Mixed spice Aflatoxin
Italy Pastry Cyanide (3) 4
Pistachio paste Aflatoxin
Thailand Job’s tears Aflatoxin (4) 4
South Africa Peanuts Aflatoxin (4) 4
Myanmar Turmeric Aflatoxin (3) 3
Pakistan Red pepper Aflatoxin 3
Mixed spice Aflatoxin
Apricot seeds Cyanide
Australia Cottonseed Aflatoxin (2) 2
Indonesia Nutmeg Aflatoxin (2) 2
Nigeria Sesame seeds Aflatoxin (2) 2
Tunisia Mixed spice Aflatoxin (2) 2
Taiwan Sunflower seeds Aflatoxin 2
Apricot seed powder Cyanide
Canada Flax Cyanide 1
Spain Pistachio nuts Aflatoxin 1
UK Pastry Aflatoxin 1
Ghana Cassava Cyanide 1
Iran Dried figs Aflatoxin 1
New Zealand Pastry Cyanide 1
Peru Brazil nuts Aflatoxin 1
Singapore Peanut products Aflatoxin 1
Vietnam Job's tears Aflatoxin 1
Total 146

* Gross number of violations.

Total 8-7 – Violations by Country, Item and Violation Details for Residual Veterinary Drugs (FY 2009)
Country of Production Item Type Violation Detail Cases*
Standard Value Non-Detectable
China Pork   Clenbuterol (38) 70
Shrimp   Chlortetracycline (5),
Sulfamethoxazole (4),
Furazolidone (as AOZ) (2),
Enrofloxacin, Tetracycline
Eel   Leucomalachite green (4),
Furazolidone (as AOZ) (2),
Enrofloxacin, Malachite green
Crab   Furazolidone (as AOZ) (2),
Malachite green
Mackerel   Leucomalachite green (2)
Soft-shelled turtle   Enrofloxacin (2)
Short-necked clam   Chloramphenicol
Salmon Oxytetracycline  
Chicken meat   Furazolidone (as AOZ)
Honeycomb   Oxytetracycline
Vietnam Shrimp   Chloramphenicol (10), 26
Furazolidone (as AOZ) (8)
Squid   Chloramphenicol (8)
Taiwan Eel   Furazolidone (as AOZ) (2), Furaltadone (as AMOZ) (2) 4
Indonesia Shrimp   Furazolidone (as AOZ) (2) 2
Thailand Salmon Oxytetracycline   1
Hong Kong Ear shell   Furazolidone (as AOZ) 1
Russia Honey   Chloramphenicol 1
Total 105

* Gross number of violations.

Table 8-8 – Violations by Country and Material for Toys (FY 2009)
Country Material Type Violation Details Cases*
China Combination Bisphthalate (16), Lead (4), Evaporation residue (2), Potassium permanganate consumption (1), Coloring (1) 42
Synthetic resins Bisphthalate (10), Evaporation residue (3), Potassium permanganate consumption (2), Lead (1)
Wood Coloring (1)
Paper Coloring (1)
Indonesia Combination Coloring (1) 1
Vietnam Combination Bisphthalate (1) 1
Spain Wood Lead (1) 1
Germany Synthetic resins Bisphthalate (1) 1
Poland Combination Coloring (1) 1
Taiwan Combination Lead (1) 1
Total 48

* Gross number of violations.

Table 9 – Major Examples of Enhanced Monitoring based on Overseas Information (FY 2009)
Month of Enhancement Subject Country Subject Food and Details Background and Status
April Canada Farmed salmon / trout and processed products thereof (possible use of crystal violet) Information was received during monitoring inspections carried out in Canada that crystal violet had been detected, and the inspection frequency for the products in question was raised by 30%.
April Chile Chicken meat and pork products (possible contamination with Listeria) When an import notification was made for said products, steps were taken for re-shipment based on information on a product recall in Chile.
May Chile Processed meat products (possible contamination with Listeria) After the date of manufacture of the above products was appended and the subject food changed to processed meat products, the above notice was repealed, and when an import notification was made for said products, steps were taken for re-shipment.
May All Exporting Countries Processed peanut and nut products (possible contamination with Salmonella) Information was received of a voluntary recall relating to peanut and pistachio nut products contaminated with Salmonella, and steps were taken to carry out monitoring inspections on said products.
May South Korea Bivalves (possible detection of paralytic shellfish toxin exceeding criteria) A communication was received from the South Korean government stating that the issuance of production area certificates would be suspended for a specific ocean area due to the detection of paralytic shellfish toxin exceeding criteria in bivalves in that area. When an import notification was made with certificates stating this area, steps were taken to contact the Ministry after holding the cargo.
June France Soft and semi-soft natural cheese (possible contamination with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O103) Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O103 was detected in fresh goats cheese in France, and an inspection order was made for soft and semi-soft natural cheeses from said manufacturer based on information that they would be exported to Japan.
June Indonesia Local alcoholic beverage (Arak) (possible contamination with methanol) Based on information on a poisoning incident which occurred due to contamination of Arak alcoholic drink with methanol in Bali, Indonesia, when an import notification was made for said product, guidance was given for voluntary inspection.
June USA Chilled cookie dough (possible contamination with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157) Information was received that a voluntary recall was being carried out after an incident of food poisoning due to consumption of raw chilled cookie dough in USA. When an import notification was made for cookie dough from said manufacturer, it was confirmed whether it was related to this case, and, where connected, steps were taken for re-shipment.
June USA Beef (possible contamination with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157) Based on information regarding product recall from USA, when an import notification was made for beef processed at said processing facility, it was confirmed whether it was related to this case, and, where related, steps were taken for re-shipment.
August All Exporting Countries Soft and semi-soft natural cheese (limited to those containing goats milk) (possible contamination with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O103) After the incident in June, soft and semi-soft natural cheeses from said manufacturer were subject to inspection order. In this case, steps were taken to carry out monitoring inspections for all exporting countries and manufacturers.
September Canada Flax (possible contamination with unapproved genetically modified organisms) Information was obtained that unapproved genetically modified flax produced in Canada is being marketed in Germany. When an import notification was made for said products, steps were taken to contact the Ministry after holding the cargo.
November Canada Flax and processed products thereof (possible contamination with unapproved genetically modified organisms) Due to the detection of a characteristic gene for unapproved genetically modified flax (PF967) in monitoring inspections at the time of import in the case handled in September, an inspection order was made for flax produced in Canada.
November France Natural cheeses (possible contamination with enterotoxin) Information was received that a voluntary recall was being carried out after an incident of food poisoning due to enterotoxin in France. Based on the information regarding product recall, when an import notification was made for said products, steps were taken for re-shipment.
November Germany Bakery products (possible use of unapproved genetically modified flax) Information was received from Austria that unapproved genetically modified flax produced in Canada was being used in bakery products produced in Germany, and distribution was suspended. When an import notification was made for said products, it was confirmed whether it was related to this case, and, where related, steps were taken for re-shipment.
December Australia Semi-dried tomatoes (possible contamination with hepatitis A virus) Information was received that steps were being taken by the State of Victoria government under the Food Act after a mass outbreak of hepatitis A caused by said product in the state of Victoria in Australia. Steps were taken to carry out monitoring inspections on said product.
February France Frozen sardines (possible contamination with dioxins) Based on information regarding product recall from an EU alert, when an import notification was made for said product, steps were taken for re-shipment.
Table 10 – Implementations of Major Bilateral Talks and on-site inspections (FY 2009)
Subject Item
(Inspection Order Item, etc.)		 Bilateral Talks Date of Site Survey, etc.
USA, Agricultural Products
(Residual agricultural chemicals)		 Entered into talks on residual agricultural chemicals. Talks continuing. April 2009
Philippines, Asparagus
(Difenoconazole)		 Talks begun May 2007. As of May 2009, rescinded inspection order on registered businesses approved by Philippine government after confirmation that measures have been taken on residual agricultural chemicals by the Philippine government. Talks continuing. -
China, Spinach
(Residual agricultural chemicals)		 Talks begun July 2002. As of May 2009, rescinded import self-control only on those businesses registered with Chinese government, based on a Chinese-run control system for dried spinach. -
Thailand, Green asparagus
(EPN)		 Talks begun July 2008. As of May 2009, rescinded inspection orders on registered businesses approved by Thai government, after an investigation of causes and measures to prevent recurrence of violations by Thai government. Talks continuing. -
Thailand, Banana
(Cypermethrin)		 Talks begun October 2008. As of May 2009, rescinded inspection orders on registered businesses approved by Thai government, after an investigation of causes and measures to prevent recurrence of violations by Thai government. -
Canada, Beef
(BSE)		 Talks begun May 2003. Site survey carried out to verify observance with export standards for facilities exporting to Japan which are approved by Canadian government. Talks continuing. August 2009
USA, Celery
(Boscalid)		 Talks begun February 2009. As of September 2009, rescinded inspection orders on registered packagers and exporters approved by USA government, after steps were taken to control residual agricultural chemicals relating to violations by USA government. Talks continuing. -
USA, Beef
(BSE)		 Talks begun December 2003. As of December 2005, resumption of export from specific facilities under export conditions requiring observance of the export program. Suspended import procedures for all USA beef in January 2006 due to confirmation of USA calf meat containing spinal column, followed by resumption of procedures in July 2006. Site survey carried out on facilities approved for export to Japan, to verify observance of the Japan export program. November 2009
Canada, Lobster
(Paralytic shellfish toxin)		 Talks begun September 2008. As of November 2009, rescinded inspection orders on registered businesses approved by the Canadian government, after steps were taken to control paralytic shellfish toxin in lobster by the Canadian government. Talks continuing. -
Brazil, Coffee beans
(Dichlorvos, Naled)		 Talks begun October 2003. As of January 2010, rescinded inspections for dichlorvos and naled after steps were taken to control residual agricultural chemicals relating to violations by the Brazilian government, and based on inspection outcomes. Talks continuing. -
Australia, Meat
(Sanitation control)		 Site survey carried out to confirm meat inspection systems and meat facility management systems in Australia. January 2010
Thailand, Mango, Mangosteen
(Residual agricultural chemicals)		 Site survey of registered businesses and farms carried out to confirm management systems for residual agricultural chemicals for Thailand mangoes and mangosteens. Inspection orders rescinded for registered mangosteen businesses approved by Thai government. March 2010
Thailand, Chicken meat
(Sanitation control)		 Inspection orders rescinded as of November 2009. Site survey carried out of poultry farms, poultry processing facilities, and meat processing facilities to confirm sanitation management systems. March 2010
Vietnam, Seafood
(Sanitation control)		 Site survey carried out to confirm sanitation control and management systems for Vietnamese seafood. March 2010
Table 11 – Implementation of Exporting Country Advance Inspections (FY 2009)
Canada
Subject of Inspection System survey for genetically modified food in Canada
Relevant Laws Food and Drugs Act and Regulations
Feeds Act
Grain Act
Seed Act
Summary The Canadian government collects data on genetically modified food products for export to Japan which are unapproved by Japan, and has adopted a seed control program and measures to prevent diffusion in the cultivation of modified crops. Further, seeds obtained in test cultivations are rendered inactive through methods such as incineration or deep burial, and measures to prevent scattering of test cultivation seeds have been adopted.
USA
Subject of Inspection System survey for agricultural products in USA
Relevant Laws Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Summary Sanitation management of residual agricultural chemicals for foods for export to Japan is provided by sharing information on Japan's regulation values and violations between the USA government, state governments and relevant businesses. Additionally, structures exist to provide information on violations of residual standards in Japan to industry bodies connected with the USA government, and the safety of agricultural products for export to Japan is managed through the application of this information.
China
Subject of Inspection System survey of food for export to Japan in China
Relevant Laws Food Safety Act
Agricultural Products Quality and Quantity Safety Act
Export and Import Commodity Inspection Act
Export and Import Plants and Animals Inspection Act
Summary The Chinese government carries out monitoring controls from the materials production stage to the processing and manufacture stage, and implements pre-export inspections on foods for export to Japan. The Food Safety Act clarifies the division of responsibilities between respective departments dealing with food. Further, producers, manufacturers and processors of materials for export to Japan are required to register with the Chinese authorities and are not permitted to export via unregistered businesses.
Table 12 – Outcomes of Import Consultations at Offices of Imported Food Consultation by FY
  FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2009
Import Consultations Implemented 9,210 9,786 10,633 11,601 13,275
Import Consultations on Item-by-Item Basis 18,408 18,224 22,038 27,083 34,245
Violations on Item-by-Item Basis 691 679 401 410 310

* Offices of Imported Food Consultation are set up in each quarantine station in Otaru, Sendai, Narita Airport, Tokyo, Yokohama, Niigata, Nagoya, Osaka, Kansai Airport, Kobe, Hiroshima, Fukuoka, and Naha.

* Aggregated annual figures from FY 2005.

* Figures include only advance consultations implemented prior to import in Offices of Imported Food Consultation.

Table 13 – Number of Violations in Import Consultations by Provision (FY 2009)
Provision Violations (cases) Percentage (%) Details of Major Violations
Article 6
(Distribution of prohibited foods and additives)		 4 1.0 Use of Ciguatera Fish Poison, Lupin bean
Article 9
(Limitation on distribution, etc. of diseased meat, etc.)		 17 4.1 Use of materials sourced from beef coming via countries with incidents of BSE, materials sourced from sheep coming via countries with incidents of BSE, and beef tallow produced in USA in some materials (guidance to hold imports), and use of processed products source from beef from countries with incidents of BSE (self-controlled import), and beef collagen casing.
Article 10
(Limitation on distribution, etc. of additives, etc.)		 194 46.3 Use of Azorubin, Iodized salt, Carumin, Patent blue V, TBHQ, Quinoline Yellow, Potasium iodide, Sodium selenite, Amidated pectin, Aluminum potassium silicate, etc.
Article 11
(Standards and criteria for foods and additives)		 200 48.1 Non-compliance with manufacturing or processing standards, violation of usage standards for additives
* Non-compliance with manufacturing standards: inadequate sterilization of soft drinks
* Use of inhibited foods: use of sorbic acid and benzoic acid in seasonings, etc.
* Use of excessive amounts: use of sucralose in health foods, etc.
* Excessive residual amounts: residual sulfur dioxide in pastries, etc.
Article 18
(Standards and criteria for apparatus, containers and packaging)		 2 0.5 Violation of standards and criteria in eating utensils
Total 417 (Gross)
310 (Real)		  
Table 14 – Cases of Import Consultations by Country, Item and Violation Details (FY 2009)
Country of Production Item Details of Violation Cases
USA Soft drinks Non-compliant manufacturing standards (12), Ferrous fumarate (5), Glucuronolactone (5), Sorbic acid (3), Materials sourced from beef arriving via countries with incidents of BSE (3), Sodium selenite (2), Potassium benzoate, Ester gum, Magnesium nitrate, Potassium sorbate, Potassium bicarbonate, Hydroxyethyl cellulose, Methylcobalamin 102
Health foods D-Alpha Tocopherol succinate/Excess 2-calcium phosphate/Highly dispersed silicon dioxide (8), Methylene chloride/Acetone/Hexane/Butyl alcohols (4), Croscarmellose sodium (2), Polyethylene glycol (2), Calcium pyruvate, Sucralose, Acesulfame potassium, Potassium sorbate, Sodium propionate, Aluminum sodium sulfate, Vitamin K1, Selenium oxide, Sodium selenite, Talc, Magnesium citrate, Chromic chloride, Chromium picolinate, Calcium triphosphate, Potasium iodide
Pastry Iron oxide/Iron(II/III) oxide (4), Brown HT (2), Sulfur dioxide (2), Calmin (2), Amidated pectin, L-cysteine hydrochloride, Potassium sorbate
Sweeteners Potassium sorbate (4), Polysorbate60
Additives Sodium stearolyl lactylate (2), Alpha ketoglutarate, Beta alanine
Seasonings 4-amino-5,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2 (1H)-one hydrochloride, Potassium sorbate, Unapproved flavorings
Powdered soft drink Aluminum silicate (3)
Processed agricultural products Sodium aluminum phosphate, Non-compliance with storage standards
Processed seafood Beef collagen casings
Black tea Ethyl acetate
Meat products Materials sourced from beef arriving via countries with incidents of BSE
Other foods Sodium phosphate monobasic
Indonesia Instant noodles TBHQ (20), Ferrous fumarate (10), Potassium sorbate (5) 53
Seasonings Benzoic acid (14)
Pastry Azorubin (2), Brown HT (2)
Italy Pastry P-hydroxy benzoic acid methyl (9), Azorubin (5), Black PN (3), Brown HT (2), Magnesium hydroxy acetate, Ammonium hydrate 33
Frozen desert Azorubin (2), Quinoline Yellow (2), Copper chlorophyll (2)
Seasonings Sorbic acid (3)
Health foods Calcium carbonate, Sucralose
Powdered soft drink Azorubin
Mexico Seasonings Propylene oxide (14), Benzoic acid (5), Ethylene oxide, Radiation sterilization 22
Fruit Peracetic acid
China Seasonings TBHQ (4), Sorbic acid (3) 19
Instant noodles Sodium benzoate (2), Potassium sorbate (2)
Processed agricultural products Exceeded criteria for residual agricultural chemicals (BHC) (2), Natamycin
Health foods L-mannitol, Unknown colorings
Other foods EDTA, Sucralose
Processed seafood Potassium chlorate
Portugal Soft drinks Non-compliant manufacturing standards (9), Azorubin (3), Cyclamic acid (3), Potassium sorbate (3) 19
Seasonings Sodium benzoate
France Pastry Sodium selenite, Potasium iodide, Zinc sulfate, Copper sulfate, Manganese sulfate, Magnesium phosphate 15
Seasonings Materials sourced from beef arriving via countries with incidents of BSE (3), Processed food sourced from beef arriving from countries with incidents of BSE
Other foods Sodium benzoate
Meat products Materials sourced from sheep arriving from countries with incidents of BSE
Processed fruit Sorbic acid
Cider Azorubin
Yoghurt Dehydroacetic acid
Germany Meat products Iodized salt (7) 15
Pastry Biotin (2), Lupin beans
Soft drinks Non-compliant manufacturing standards (2), Diethyl pirocarbonate
Bottled milk Evaporation residue
Frozen food Lupin beans
Taiwan Other foods Potassium sorbate (5), Benzoic acid (2) 13
Liqueurs Sorbic acid (2)
Processed grains Calmin
Pastry Sorbic acid
Processed fruit Benzoic acid
Frozen fruit Non-compliance with criteria for sterilization
Thailand Soft drinks Non-compliance with criteria for sterilization (2), Blue 1, Yellow 4, Yellow 5 12
Health foods Sucralose, Copper sulfate
Seasonings Sodium nitrate, Sodium benzoate
Pastry Amidated pectin
Lid Potassium permanganate
Powdered soft drink Azorubin
South Korea Health foods Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, Propyl gallate 8
Soft drinks Non-compliant manufacturing standards (2)
Kim chi Dicalcium succinate
Other foods Unapproved flavorings
Seasonings Potassium sorbate
Hermetically packaged, pressure and heat sterilized food products USA produced beef tallow
Peru Pastry Sodium stearolyl lactylate (4), Potassium sorbate (3), BHA 11
Health foods Methyl para-oxy benzoic acid (2)
Soft drinks Potassium sorbate
Israel Sweeteners Sodium cyclamate (3), Azorubin, Quinoline Yellow 10
Pastry Sorbic acid/Potassium sorbate (2), Azorubin
Other foods Sorbic acid
Coloring agents Azorubin
Morocco Health foods Chromic chloride, Aluminum potassium silicate, Iron(II,III) oxide, Sodium selenate, Copper chlorophyllin, Patent blue V, Ferrous fumarate, Zinc sulfate, Copper sulfate 9
UAE Pastry Potassium sorbate 8
New Zealand Health foods Zinc gluconate, Calcium gluconate, Highly dispersed silicon dioxide, Ferrous fumarate, Potasium iodide, Manganese sulfate, Calcium triphosphate 7
Belgium Pastry Iron oxide/Iron(II,III) oxide (6), Lupin beans 7
Philippines Pastry TBHQ (2), Saccharin, Iodized salt 6
Soft drinks Non-compliance with criteria for sterilization
Fresh fish Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Ciguatera fish poison)
UK Pastry Green S (2) 5
Other foods Processed food sourced from beef arriving from countries with incidents of BSE, Propylene glycol
Ice cream Non-compliant manufacturing standards
Canada Health foods Talc (2), Processed food sourced from beef arriving from countries with incidents of BSE (2) 5
Pastry Potasium iodide/Chlorine bitartrate
Denmark Pastry Patent blue V (2), Sunflower lecithin, Sorbic acid 4
Norway Health foods Processed food sourced from beef arriving from countries with incidents of BSE (3) 4
Soft drinks Silver chloride
Finland Pastry Patent blue V (3), Sorbic acid 4
Vietnam Pastry Isolvaleraldehyde, BHT 3
Other foods Sodium benzoate
Malaysia Powdered soft drink Aluminum sodium silicate, Sodium stearolyl lactylate 3
Pastry Aluminum sodium silicate
India Seasonings Iodized salt 2
Ukraine Seasonings Benzoic acid, Sorbic acid 2
Australia Soft drinks Non-compliance with criteria for sterilization 2
Brazil Soft drinks Sorbic acid 2
Hermetically packaged, pressure and heat sterilized food products Sorbic acid
South Africa Health foods Calcium sulfate 2
Russia Pastry Potassium sorbate 2
Holland Pastry Inosinic acid 1
Greece Pastry Iron(II,III) oxide 1
Switzerland Pastry Azorubin/Quinoline Yellow/Patent blue V 1
Spain Pastry Sunflower lecithin 1
Sri Lanka Health foods Glucosamine sulfate 1
Turkey Other foods Brilliant black PN 1
Myanmar Powdered soft drink Sodium stearolyl lactylate 1
Mongolia Soft drinks Non-compliant manufacturing standards 1
Total 417

* Gross number of violations.

Table 15 – Import Food Violations Detected in Domestic Monitoring (FY 2009)
Country of Production Item Violation Details Cases
China Shime saba Dichlorvos (2) 8
Pickles Paclobutrazol (2)
Spinach Chlorfenapyr
Green asparagus Isocarbophos
Eel Malachite green, Leucomalachite green
Shiitake mushrooms Chlorpyrifos
India Goya chips TBHQ 3
Edamame (green soybeans) Lufenuron
Snow peas Propiconazole
Brazil Chocolate TBHQ 2
Jam Sorbic acid
Spain Chocolate Cyclamic acid 1
Philippines Mango Tebuconazole 1
France Jam Radioactivity 1
India Polypropylene eating utensils Lead 1
Total 17
(Reference) Description of Key Terms in the Report
Term Description
Nitrate Additive (coloring agent)
Acetamiprid Agricultural chemical (Neonicotinoid agricultural chemical)
Acetochlor Agricultural chemical (Anilide herbicide)
Acetone Additives (Manufacturing agent)
Acephate Agricultural chemical (organophosphorous insecticide)
Azorubin Undesignated additive
Atrazine Agricultural chemical (Triazine herbicide)
Aflatoxin Fungal toxin (produced by the fungus Aspergillus, etc.)
Alachlor Agricultural chemical (Carboxyl amide herbicide)
Aldicarb sulfoxide Agricultural chemical (Carbamate insecticide)
Benzoic acid Additive (preservative)
Isoprocarb Agricultural chemical (Carbamate insecticide)
Isopropanol Additive (Flavoring)
Carbon monoxide Undesignated additive
Genetic modification Technology such as fragmentation of bacterial genes, followed by arrangement of the gene sequences or introducing the arranged genes into other organism's genes
Iprobenfos Agricultural chemicals (Organophosphorus fungicide)
Imazalil Additive (Antifungal agent)
Imidacloprid Agricultural chemical (Chlorinicotinyl insecticide)
Indoxacarb Agricultural chemical (Oxadiazon insecticide)
Ester gum Additive (Chewing gum base)
Ethiprole Agricultural chemical (Phenylpyrazol insecticide)
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) Additive (Antioxidant)
Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Additive (Antioxidant)
Ethoprophos Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus insecticide)
Methylene chloride Undesignated additive
Endosulfan Agricultural chemical (Organochlorine insecticide)
Enrofloxacin Veterinary drug (New quinolone synthetic antibacterial agent)
Staphylococcus aureus Pathogenic microorganism (Creates heat-resistant toxins (enterotoxins) via bacteria normally present in humans and animals, causing vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea)
Oxytetracycline Veterinary drug (Tetracycline antibiotic)
Oxolinic acid Veterinary drug (Synthetic antimicrobial (quinolone))
Orange II Undesignated additive
Carbaryl Agricultural chemical (Carbamate insecticide)
Calmin Undesignated additive
Quinoline Yellow Undesignated additive
Magnesium citrate Undesignated additive
Green S Undesignated additive
Crystal violet Veterinary drug (Disinfectant)
Glyphosate Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus herbicide)
Zinc gluconate Additive (Enhancer)
Ferrous gluconate Additive (Color stabilizer)
Clenbuterol Veterinary drug (Uterine relaxant)
Chloramphenicol Veterinary drug (Chloramphenicol antibiotic)
Chlortetracycline Veterinary drug (Tetracycline antibiotic)
Chlorpyrifos Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus insecticide)
Chlorfenapyr Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Aluminum silicate Undesignated additive
Aluminum potassium silicate Undesignated additive
Diarrhetic shellfish toxin Shellfish toxin (Toxin mainly caused by the accumulation of a toxin produced by harmful plankton in clams)
Dicalcium succinate Undesignated additive
Cyclamic acid Undesignated additive
Saccharin Additive (Sweetener)
Sodium saccharin Additive (Sweetener)
Salmonella Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that is ubiquitous in the intestines of animals as well as in nature, such as rivers, sewage and lakes. It contaminates meat, mostly poultry and eggs, and causes acute abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever and vomiting.)
Iron(II,III) oxide Additive (Coloring)
Cyanide Harmful or poisonous compound (Cyanide-related compounds found in vegetables such as some varieties of beans)
Diuron (DCMU) Agricultural chemical (Herbicide)
Ciguatera fish poison Seafood contaminated with a toxin (produced by plankton present in the tropical oceans) which can cause ciguatera poisoning (damages the nervous system causing a loss of sensation around the hands, feet, and mouth, dizziness, and motor ataxia, as well as diarrhea, abdominal pain and joint pain).
Dichlorvos and Naled Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Dicofol Agricultural chemical (Organochlorine insecticide)
Dinotefuran Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Difenoconazole Agricultural chemical (Triazole fungicide)
Cyfluthrin Agricultural chemical (Pyrethroid insecticide)
Cyproconazole Agricultural chemical (Triazole fungicide)
Cypermethrin Agricultural chemical (Pyrethroid insecticide)
Dimethomorph Agricultural chemical (Fungicide)
Food blue 1 Additive (Coloring)
Food yellow 5 Additive (Coloring)
Food yellow 4 Additive (Coloring)
Food red 102 Additive (Coloring)
Sucralose Additive (Sweetener)
Sulfadiazine Synthetic antimicrobial (Sulfur agent)
Sulfurdimidine Synthetic antimicrobial (Sulfur agent)
Sulfamethoxazole Synthetic antimicrobial (Sulfur agent)
Shigella Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that normally lives in the intestines of humans and animals and causes gastroenteritis.)
Sorbic acid Additive (Preservative)
Potassium sorbate Additive (Preservative)
Dioxins Generic term for the 3 compounds: Poly Chlorinated Dibenzo-para-Dioxin (PCDD), Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), and Coplaner Poly Chlorinated Biphenyl.
Daminozide Agricultural chemical (Acid amide plant growth regulator)
Thiamethoxam Agricultural chemical (Neonicotinoid agricultural chemicals)
Vibrio parahaemolyticus Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium in seawater (at the river mouth, coastal areas, etc.) that commonly contaminates fish and shellfish, and causes abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, fever and vomiting.)
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E.coli) Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that normally lives in the intestines of animals. It contaminates foods and drinking water by way of feces and urine, and causes acute abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea together with large amounts of fresh blood after early cold-like symptoms.)
Tetraconazole Agricultural chemical (Triazole fungicide)
Tetracycline Veterinary drug (Tetracycline antibiotic)
Tebuconazole Agricultural chemical (Triazole fungicide)
Tebufenozide Agricultural chemical (Benzoyl hydrazide insecticide)
Tocopheryl acetate ester Additive (Enhancer)
Triazophos Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus insecticide)
Natamycin Additive (Used in food manufacture)
Sulfur dioxide Additive (Antioxidant)
Nitrofurans Generic name for nitrofuran synthetic antimicrobial, an veterinary drug.
Patent blue V Undesignated additive
Methyl para-oxy benzoic acid Undesignated additive
Parathion-methyl Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Bifenazate Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Bifenthrin Agricultural chemical (Pyrethroid insecticide)
Pyraclostrobin Agricultural chemical (Strobilurin fungicide)
Pirimiphos-methyl Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus insecticide)
Pyrimethanil Agricultural chemical (Anilinopyrimidine fungicide)
Fenitrothion Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Fenvalerate Agricultural chemical (Pyrethroid insecticide)
Fenpropathrin Agricultural chemical (Pyrethroid insecticide)
Ferrous fumarate Undesignated additive
Brown HT Undesignated additive
Furazolidone Veterinary drug (Nitrofuran synthetic antimicrobial); generates AOZ when metabolized
Black PN Undesignated additive
Furaltadone Veterinary drug (Nitrofuran synthetic antimicrobial); generates AMOZ when metabolized
Brilliant black PN Undesignated additive
Fluazifop Agricultural chemical (Phenoxy acid herbicide)
Fluquinconazole Agricultural chemical (Triazole fungicide)
Flusilazole Agricultural chemical (Heterocyclic fungicide)
Flonicamid Agricultural chemical (Piridine carboxamide insecticide)
Propionic acid Additive (Preservative)
Propylene glycol Additive (Solvent)
Profenofos Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus insecticide)
Bromopropylate Agricultural chemical (Dust mite exterminator)
Hexaconazole Agricultural chemical (Triazole fungicide)
Hexane Additive (Oil and fat extraction agent)
Permethrin Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Phoxim Agricultural chemical (Insecticide)
Boscalid Agricultural chemical (Anilide fungicide)
Polyethylene glycol Undesignated additive
Polysorbate Additive (Emulsifier)
Paralytic shellfish toxin Shellfish poison (mainly refers to toxins produced by a harmful plankton accumulated in clams, toxic clams cause paralytic poisoning)
Malachite green Veterinary drug (Triphenylmethane synthetic antibacterial agent)
Methamidophos Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus insecticide)
Melamine A chemical substance used as a primary raw material of melamine resin.
Potassium iodide Undesignated additive
Iodized salt Undesignated additive
Listeria monocytogenes Pathogenic microorganism (A normal flora in the natural environment that contaminates milk products and processed meat products, and causes influenza-like symptoms including tiredness and fever.)
Sodium aluminum phosphate Undesignated additive
2, 4-D Agricultural chemical (Phenoxy acid herbicide)
AMOZ Generates nitrofurans synthetic antimicrobial furaltadone
AOZ Generates nitrofurans synthetic antimicrobial furazolidone
A-type hepatitis Belongs to the picornavirus, hepatovirus group. Infection spreads through contaminated water and eating raw water, vegetables, fruit and seafood.
BHA Additive (Antioxidant)
BHC Agricultural chemical (Organochlorine insecticide)
BHT Additive (Antioxidant)
BSE (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy) Delayed-onset, malignant central nervous system disease which causes changes to the sponge structure of the bovine brain, with symptoms of inability to stand.
EPN Agricultural chemical (Organophosphorus insecticide)
L-Cysteine hydrochloride Additive (Antioxidant)
MCPA Agricultural chemical (Phenoxy herbicide)
SRM Parts of a beef cow which accumulate the abnormal prion proteins thought to cause BSE (head (excluding tongue and cheek), spinal marrow, spine, and ileum (2 meters from the junction with the appendix)).
TBHQ Undesignated additive
γ-BHC (Lindane) Agricultural chemical (Organochlorine insecticide)
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