ContactOffice of Imported Food Safety, Inspection and Safety Division, Department of Food Safety, Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (extension: 2474, 2497, 2498) |
Results of Monitoring and Guidance Based on the Imported Foods
Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY2007
August 2008
Department of Food Safety
Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
Results of Monitoring and Guidance Based on the Imported Foods
Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY2007
Introduction
The total number of foods, additives, equipment, containers and packages, and toys (hereinafter collectively referred to as “foods”) imported to Japan in FY2007 was about 1.80 million, with an imported weight of about 32.3 million tons. According to the Food Balance Sheet for FY 2007 by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the food self-sufficiency ratio in Japan (food self-sufficiency ratio based on the total caloric value supplied) was estimated at 40%, indicating that, on a calorie basis, approximately 60% of foods consumed in Japan are imported.
Regarding the monitoring and guidance conducted by the national government for the purpose of ensuring the safety of foods imported to Japan (hereinafter referred to as “imported foods”), the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY2007 (hereinafter referred to as the “Plan”) was developed based on public comments and risk communications, and was conduced in line with the Guidelines for the Implementation of Monitoring and Guidance on Food Sanitation (Notification No. 301 of the Ministry of Labour, Health and Welfare, 2003) under Article 23, paragraph 1 of the Food Sanitation Law (Law No. 233 of 1947; hereinafter referred to as the “Law”), and was implemented based on the Plan after being publicized in an official gazette pursuant to paragraph 3 of the same Article.
The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has recently collected and compiled the detailed results of inspections on imported foods, such as for monitoring and inspection orders that have been implemented based on the Plan, as well as the monitoring of and guidance for importers and the relevant results, which are published herein.
Website of imported foods monitoring operations:
https://www.mhlw.go.jp/topics/vuvu/tp0130-1.html
1. Overview of the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY 2007
(1) What is the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan?
The Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan is a plan for the implementation of monitoring and guidance conducted by the national government with respect to imported foods (Article 23 of the Law).
[Objective]
To ensure greater safety of imported foods by promoting the national government to conduct inspections at the time of importation and to conduct monitoring of and guidance for importers in an intensive, effective and efficient manner.
(2) Principles for Monitoring and Guidance on Imported Foods
Based on Article 4 of the Food and Safety Basic Law (Law No.48 of 2003) (that is, food safety shall be ensured by taking appropriate measures at each stage of the domestic and overseas food supply process), the Plan is prepared in order that three stages of sanitation measures are taken, namely, in the exporting country, at the time of importation, and at the time of domestic distribution.
(3) Priority Items for Monitoring and Guidance
･ Confirmation of whether violations of the Law exist at the time of import notification
･ Monitoring*1 (Plan for 2007: about 79,000 items across 124 good groups)
･ Inspection orders*2 (as of March 31, 2008:15 items from all exporting countries and 198 items from 32 countries and 1 region)
･ Emergency responses based on overseas information, etc.
(4) Promotion of Sanitation Measures in Exporting Countries
･ Requests to the governments of exporting countries for the establishment of sanitation control measures.
･ Strengthening of control and monitoring systems for agricultural chemicals, etc., and the promotion of pre-export inspections, through on-site inspections and bilateral talks
･ Regulations for comprehensive import bans*3
(5) Guidance for Importers on Voluntary Sanitation Control
･ Pre-import guidance (so-called “import consulting”)
･ Guidance for voluntary inspections at initial importation and on a regular basis
･ Dissemination of knowledge on food sanitation to importers, etc.
*1: Systematic inspections based on statistical concepts that take into account the volume of imports and violation rates, etc., for different food types.
*2: With regard to items having a high probability of being in violation of the Law, inspections are ordered by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare at each and every importation. Items are not permitted to be imported or distributed unless they pass that inspection.
*3: Regulations by which the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare can prevent the sale or import of specified foods, without the need for inspections, in cases where it is deemed necessary from the perspective of preventing harm to public health.
*1: With regard to items having a high probability of being in violation of the Law, inspections are ordered by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare at each and every importation. Items are not permitted to be imported or distributed unless they pass that inspection.
*2: Systematic inspections based on statistical concepts that take into account the volume of imports and violation rates, and hazard levels etc., for different types of food.
*3: Inspection and guidance conducted as part of the voluntary sanitation control of an importer at the time of first importation, etc. in order to confirm that the relevant imported foods conform to the Law.
2. Results of Monitoring and Guidance Based on the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY2007
With regard to ensuring the safety of imported foods, based on the fundamental concept that appropriate measures need to be implemented at each stage, from production, manufacturing and processing in exporting countries to post-importation sales in the domestic market, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare together with quarantine stations conducted monitoring and guidance at the time of importation of foods by implementing the following measures, and promoted sanitation measures in exporting countries through bilateral talks and dispatch of experts at times when food sanitation issues occurred. Furthermore, in an attempt to reinforce cooperation, such as at times when violations are detected, with prefectures that conduct monitoring and guidance at the stages of domestic distribution and sales subsequent to importation, appropriate measures were implemented so that importer recalls, etc. would be expedited. Inspections at the time of importation were also enhanced as necessary.
(1) Confirmation by Import Notification Based on Article 27 of the Law
Examination of import notifications with
the computer system
Using import notifications and other documents, submitted under Article 27 of the Law, examinations were conducted to check for compliance with the Law, including compliance with the specifications and standards for foods based on the provisions contained within Article 11, paragraph 1 and Article 18, paragraph 1 of the Law (hereinafter referred to as the “standards”). Inspections required at the time of importation were also conducted.
Looking at the notifications, inspections and violations for FY2007 (Table 1), the number of import notifications was about 1.8 million, and the weight of declared items, based on tentative report, was about 32.3 million tons. Inspections were carried out on about 200,000 notifications (11.0%). Of these, 1,150 were found to be in violation of the Law, and steps were taken for their re-shipment or disposal, etc. This is equivalent to 0.1% of the number of import notifications.
(2) Monitoring Based on Article 28 of the Law
Sampling at a container yard
The basis for monitoring is that the number of inspections should be such that violations can be detected with a certain level of statistical confidence across a diverse range of imported foods. This is the basis for determining the number of inspections conducted and the types of substances tested by quarantine stations, with consideration given to actual import records and violation rates, etc. for each food group. In FY2007, 79,000 inspections were planned.
In light of the enforcement of the Positive List System, the number of food sanitation inspectors was increased from 314 to 334, and additional inspection equipment associated with residual agricultural chemicals was also installed. Furthermore, in view of the usage of agricultural chemicals overseas, tested substances increased from 450 to 500 for residual agricultural chemicals, from 110 to 130 for residual veterinary drugs, and from 60 to 140 for residual agricultural chemicals in livestock and marine products.
Analysis of residual agricultural chemicals in
agricultural products (extraction)
Records of monitoring in FY2007 (Table 2) show that, in comparison to the 79,000 planned inspections, 81,519 inspections were actually conducted (implementation rate: about 103%), and of these, recalls were made based on 225 violations of the Law.
Inspection rates were increased as needed in cases where violations of the Law were detected during the monitoring (Table 3). In addition, testing was enhanced in cases where multiple violations of the Law were detected for food products from a single country on grounds of residual agricultural chemicals or residual veterinary drugs: foods potentially having a high probability of being in violation of the Law became subject to inspection orders, whereby they would be inspected at each importation (Table 4); and foods in which substances such as aflatoxin or listeria monocytogenes were detected became immediately subject to inspection orders (Table 5).
(3) Inspection Orders Based on Article 26 of the Law
Analysis using High-performance liquid
chromatograph-mass spectrometer
For the purpose of preventing harm to public health in terms of food sanitation, certain countries/regions, inspected foods and tested substances, etc. were specified for imported foods having a high probability of being in violation of the Law. Inspection orders were then implemented based on the provisions of Article 26 of the Law.
As of March 31, 2008, inspection orders had been applied to 15 products from all exporting countries and 198 products from 32 countries and 1 region. The record of inspection orders in FY2007 (Table 6) shows that 94,598 inspection orders were conducted. Of these, re-shipment or disposal were undertaken based on 486 violations of the Law.
(4) Violations
Records of violations categorized by Article (Table 7), including 81,519 monitoring inspections and 94,598 inspection orders, show that the most frequent violations were the 839 violations of Article 11 of the Law, which is related to such standards as microbiological criteria for food, standards on residual agricultural chemicals and standards for the use of additives (69.2%: ratio to the gross number of violations [1,212]). The next most frequent were the 226 (18.6%) violations of Article 6 of the Law, which is related to contamination with hazardous or toxic substances such as aflatoxin, followed by the 70 (5.8%) violations of Article 10 of the Law, which is related to the use of undesignated additives, and the 68 (5.6%) violations of Article 18 pertaining to standards for the apparatus or containers and packaging.
In the category of violations categorized by type, violations related to standards for microbiological criteria for frozen food (Table 8-1) were most common at 296 instances (24.4% ratio to the gross number of violations [1,212]). This was followed by the 265 (21.9%) violations related to residual agricultural chemicals (Table 8-2), 194 (16.0%) violations related to hazardous or toxic substances (Table 8-3), 158 (13.0%) violations related to residual veterinary drugs (Table 8-4), and 160 (13.2%) violations related to undesignated additives and noncompliance with the standards for use (Table 8-5).
A breakdown, by country, of violations related to microbiological criteria (Table 8-1) shows that China had 109 violations (36.8%: ratio to the gross number of violations related to microbiological criteria [296]), followed by Thailand with 66 violations (22.3%) and Vietnam with 30 violations (10.1%). The further breakdown by item and violation type shows that the most dominant violation for every country was violations of microbiological criteria for frozen food (viable cell count, coliform bacteria, colon bacilli).
A breakdown, by country, of violations related to residual agricultural chemicals (Table 8-2) shows that China had 87 violations (32.8%: ratio to the gross number of violations related to residual agricultural chemicals [265]), followed by Ecuador with 59 violations (22.3%), and Thailand with 18 violations (6.8%). The further breakdown, by item and violation type, shows that the most dominant violations for China were BHC and acetochlor in large peanuts, BHC in ginger and triazophos in oolong tea. For Ecuador, it was 2,4-D in cacao beans; and for Thailand, it was difenoconazole in red chilies.
A breakdown, by country, of violations related to hazardous or toxic substances (Table 8-3) shows that the U.S. had 64 violations (33.0%: ratio to the gross number of violations related to mycotoxin [194]), followed by China with 56 violations (28.9%) and Thailand with 13 violations (6.7%). The further breakdown, by item and violation type, shows that the most dominant violation for the US is the contamination of corn with aflatoxin. For China, it is the contamination of peanuts with aflatoxin; and for Thailand, it is the contamination of adlay with aflatoxin.
A breakdown, by country, of violations related to residual veterinary drugs (Table 8-4) shows that Vietnam had 100 violations (63.3%: ratio to the gross number of violations related to residual veterinary drugs [158]), followed by China with 40 violations (25.3%), and Indonesia with 8 violations (5.1%). The further breakdown, by item and violation type, shows that the most dominant violation for Vietnam was chloramphenicol in prawns. For China it was leucomalachite green in eels; and for Indonesia, it was AOZ in prawns.
A breakdown, by country, of violations related to additives (Table 8-5) shows that China had 49 violations (30.6%: ratio to the gross number of violations related to additives [160]), followed by France with 14 violations (8.8%), and Belgium 11 violations (6.9%). The further breakdown, by item and violation type, shows that the most dominant violations for China were standards for residual sulfur dioxide in dried vegetables and the use of cyclamic acid in pickles. For France, it was the use of Patent Blue V in confectionaries and for Belgium, it was the use of polysorbate in chocolates.
(5) Emergency Responses Based on Information from Overseas Regarding the Occurrence of Food Sanitation Issues
Analysis on residual agricultural
chemicals in processed food
(pulverization)
Organizations such as the National Institute of Health Sciences and the Food Safety Commission in the Cabinet Office collect information from overseas, such as on the occurrence of food poisonings and the recall of food products that are in violation of law. Based on this information, during FY2007, the system for monitoring items at the time of importation was enhanced and the domestic distribution was examined for such issues as the contamination of Swiss made guar gum with dioxins, contamination of baby corn in Thailand with Bacillus dysenteriae, the mixture of unauthorized genetically modified corns into corns produced in the U.S. and contamination of Mozzarella cheese produced in Italy with dioxins (Table 9).
In response to food poisoning incidents that occurred in January 2008, the number of foods subject to monitoring inspections was expanded from the end of February, starting with the processed foods for which inspections on residual agricultural chemicals were made technologically possible, while they were not previously subject to inspections due to technical difficulties. No violations were found as a result of inspections on 113 samples conducted during FY2007.
(6) Promotion of Sanitation Measures in Exporting Countries
During FY2007, as a way of promoting sanitation measures in exporting countries, information on violations of food products subject to inspection orders and enhanced monitoring was provided to the governments of exporting countries, and, through bilateral discussions, etc., they were urged to probe the causes of violations and to implement measures to prevent recurrence.
On-site inspection at a
slaughterhouse in Italy
In instances when it was necessary to confirm sanitation measures at the production stage in an exporting country for such cases as residual agricultural chemicals or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (hereinafter referred to as “BSE”), experts were dispatched to the relevant country and on-site inspections were conducted on the sanitation measures in that exporting country (Table 10).
With respect to U.S. beef, on-site inspections were held from May 13 to May 28, 2007 at 28 facilities exporting to Japan (including one facility which will start exporting to Japan) to verify compliance with the USDA Beef Export Program for Japan. In September 2007, Japanese experts accompanied the FSIS (Food Safety and Inspection Service) on its short-notice inspection of a facility with export license to Japan and verified the details of inspections by FSIS.
(7) Comprehensive Import Bans Based on Articles 8 and 17 of the Law
With regard to comprehensive import ban measures based on the Guidelines for the Prohibition of the Sale and Import of Specified Foods based on Article 8 Paragraph 1 and Article 17 Paragraph 1 of the Food Sanitation Law (Attachment to Notice No. 0906001 of the Department of Food Safety dated September 6, 2002), sanitation control by the Chinese government was confirmed for large peanuts produced in China (BHC and acetochlor) and ginger (BHC) (the violation rates for these items based on the 60 most recent inspection orders had temporarily exceeded 5%), and requests for improvement measures were repeated. As a result, in FY2007, there were no items for which this measure was exercised.
(8) Guidance for Importers on Voluntary Sanitation Control
Consultation for declaration
at the consultation desk
Based on the Plan, importers were instructed to confirm the safety of imported foods in advance by obtaining necessary information from the producers or manufacturers of the foods. Seminars were also held at individual quarantine stations to publicize that importers should consult with quarantine stations in advance with regard to foods being imported into Japan for the first time or those foods with a violation history.
In response to the “Emergency Joint Meeting of the Public and Private Sectors on the Safety of Imports,” in July 2007, seminars for importers were held at each quarantine station and they were repeatedly informed to make sure that importing foods have not been unlawfully produced in exporting countries and that real materials and inspection data are in compliance with the Law.
Seminars for importers at a quarantine station
Records of import consultations (Table 11) conducted at the Imported Food Consultation Offices, located in quarantine stations, show that 22,038 consultations by product were conducted in FY2007, of which 401 cases were identified in advance as being in violation of the Law.
The breakdown, by Article, of cases in violation of the Law (Table 12) shows that the most frequent violations were the 202 violations of Article 10 of the Law, related to the use of undesignated additives (50.4%: ratio to the gross number of violations [520]). The next most frequent were the 183 violations of Article 11 of the Law which is related to such standards as those for the use of additives (45.7%).
The breakdown by country (Table 13) shows that with 93 violations, the US had the greatest number of violations (23.2%: ratio to the real number of violations [401]), followed by China with 36 violations (9.0%), and Australia with 32 violations (8.0%). The breakdown by item shows that the most dominant violation for every country was the use of undesignated additives in health foods and other types of food, such as confectionaries.
Consultations at Offices of Imported Food
Consultation
When cases were identified at these import consultations as being in violation of the Law, importers were instructed to take appropriate measures to comply with the Law, and to postpone importing until improvements were in place. Even if the effects of the improvements and the compliance of the foods with the Law could be confirmed on paper, importers were instructed to confirm, by testing as necessary, whether the foods satisfied the standards, etc., such as by importing samples.
(9) Disclosure of Information on Imported Foods Violating the Law, and Cooperation with Prefectures
In accordance with the provisions of Article 63 of the Law, for the purpose of clarifying the extent of hazards in terms of food sanitation, the names and addresses of importers who are in violation of law, as well as information on the imported foods were published on the Ministry website. In addition to disclosing the names of the violators, details of the improvement measures and the causes of the violations were also made public as soon as they were identified.
Furthermore, with regard to imported foods identified as being in violation of the Law as a result of the inspections at the time of importation, if any of them had already cleared customs, they were immediately recalled in cooperation with the relevant prefectures. Monitoring was enhanced as necessary for those violations detected in inspections conducted by prefectures at the time of domestic distribution (Table 14).
Number of |
Imported |
Number of |
Ratio*2 |
Number of |
Ratio*2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1,797,086 |
32,261 |
198,542 |
11.0 |
1,150 |
0.1 |
(FY2006 Actual) |
31,555 |
203,001 |
11.0 |
1,515 |
0.1 |
*1 Total inspections conducted by administrative agencies, registered inspection agencies and foreign public organizations, subtracting duplicate inspections.
*2 Ratio to the number of import notifications.
*3 Figures related to inspection orders (repeated elsewhere)
Food Group |
Tested Substances*1 |
Number of Planned Tests*2 |
Number of Actual Tests |
Number of Violations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Livestock Food Products |
Antibiotics, etc |
2,872 |
2,827 |
0 |
Agricultural chemicals |
1,678 |
2,167 |
0 |
|
Additives |
- |
122 |
0 |
|
Compositional standards |
657 |
626 |
0 |
|
Removal of SRM |
- |
3,916 |
0 |
|
Processed Livestock Food |
Antibiotics, etc |
1,072 |
1,214 |
4 |
Agricultural chemicals |
- |
96 |
0 |
|
Additives |
1,128 |
1,744 |
0 |
|
Compositional standards |
2,240 |
1,839 |
7 |
|
Fishery Food Products |
Antibiotics, etc |
3,167 |
2,785 |
4 |
Agricultural chemicals |
742 |
1,723 |
9 |
|
Additives |
295 |
264 |
0 |
|
Compositional standards |
895 |
1,094 |
1 |
|
Differentiation of fish species (Pufferfish genes) |
- |
13 |
0 |
|
Processed Fishery Food Products |
Antibiotics, etc |
4,127 |
4,864 |
5 |
Agricultural chemicals |
267 |
1,773 |
0 |
|
Additives |
2,447 |
3,405 |
1 |
|
Compositional standards |
5,981 |
6,104 |
47 |
|
Differentiation of fish species (Pufferfish genes) |
- |
51 |
0 |
|
Agricultural Food Products |
Antibiotics, etc |
712 |
480 |
0 |
Agricultural chemicals |
18,187 |
16,170 |
74 |
|
Additives |
598 |
790 |
2 |
|
Compositional standards |
826 |
879 |
0 |
|
Mycotoxin |
2,210 |
2,592 |
1 |
|
GMO |
1,553 |
1,345 |
0 |
|
Processed Agricultural Food |
Antibiotics, etc |
- |
64 |
0 |
Agricultural chemicals |
5,024 |
4,804 |
23 |
|
Additives |
4,383 |
4,900 |
6 |
|
Compositional standards |
2,179 |
2,919 |
21 |
|
Mycotoxin |
2,238 |
1,924 |
0 |
|
GMO |
207 |
96 |
2 |
|
Other Foods |
Antibiotics, etc |
299 |
2 |
0 |
Agricultural chemicals |
238 |
90 |
0 |
|
Additives |
3,078 |
2,647 |
5 |
|
Compositional standards |
717 |
918 |
5 |
|
Mycotoxin |
598 |
489 |
1 |
|
GMO |
- |
7 |
0 |
|
Beverages |
Agricultural chemicals |
299 |
167 |
0 |
Additives |
897 |
1,297 |
0 |
|
Compositional standards |
897 |
798 |
3 |
|
Mycotoxin |
299 |
110 |
1 |
|
Additives, equipment, containers and packaging, toys |
Compositional standards |
1,315 |
1,404 |
3 |
Total (gross) |
79,322 |
81,519 |
225 |
|
*1: Examples of tested substances
• Antibiotics, etc.: antibiotics, antimicrobial agents, hormone drugs, feed additives, etc.
• Agricultural chemicals: organophosphorous, organochlorine, carbamates, pyrethroid, etc.
• Additives: sorbic acid, benzoic acid, sulfur dioxide, coloring agents, polysorbate, cyclamic acid, TBHQ, antimold agents, etc.
• Compositional standards, etc.: Items stipulated in the compositional standards (bacteria count, coliform bacteria, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, etc.), pathogenic microorganisms (enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157, listeria monocytogenes, etc.), shellfish poisons (diarrhetic shellfish poison, paralytic shellfish poison), fungicide for disposable wooden chopsticks, etc.
• Mycotoxin: aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol, patulin, etc.
• Genetically modified foods: genetically modified foods, etc. that have not been assessed for safety.
* 2: The numbers of planned tests are estimated numbers, categorized by tested substances such as antibiotics and agricultural chemicals.
Country/Region |
Monitored Food |
Tested Substances |
|---|---|---|
China |
Goosefish |
Pufferfish genes |
Dried threadsail filefish products |
Pufferfish genes |
|
Flatfish |
Nitrofuran (AOZ) |
|
Cultured puffer fish |
Oxytetracycline |
|
Royal Jelly |
Tetracycline |
|
Chicken |
Tetracycline antibiotic, Furazolidone, Streptomycin (excluding dried one) |
|
Asparagus |
Propham, Phoxim |
|
Mustard |
Propham |
|
Jew‛s ear |
Fenpropathrin |
|
Kale |
Atrazine |
|
Komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. peruviridis) |
Lufenuron |
|
Perilla |
Difenoconazole |
|
Ginger |
Aldicarb, Aldicarb sulfoxide and Aldoxycarb, Chlorpyrifos |
|
Qing-geng-cai |
Famoxadone, Indoxacarb, BHC, Fenvalerate |
|
Chinese chives |
Fenpropathrin |
|
Garlic stems |
Imazalil |
|
Spinach |
Famoxadone |
|
Immature beans |
Buprofezine |
|
Immature peas |
Tebufenozide, difenoconazole |
|
Sesame seeds |
2, 4-D, Parathion-methyl |
|
Thailand |
Cultured soft-shelled turtles |
Malachite green |
Bee larvae |
Tetracycline |
|
Shrimp for raw consumption*3 |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
|
Red chili peppers |
Triazophos, Propiconazole, difenoconazole |
|
Asparagus |
EPN, Diuron |
|
Feverweed |
Cypermethrin |
|
Garlic |
Chlorpyripos |
|
Baby corn |
Shigella |
|
Spinach |
Chlorpyripos |
|
Lemongrass |
EPN |
|
France |
Cheese |
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O-26 |
Chicory |
Thiabendazole |
|
Parsnip |
Tebuconazole |
|
Red currant |
Flusilazole |
|
Lentil |
Chlorpropham |
|
Korea |
Clam |
Malachite green |
Arch shells, tairagigai (Atrina pectinata)*3 |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
|
Green chili peppers |
Tebuconazole |
|
Green pepper |
Bitertanol, Fluquinconazole, Tebuconazole |
|
Indonesia |
Swimming crab |
Endosulfan |
Boiled octopus |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
|
Green chili peppers |
Difenoconazole |
|
Spinach |
Cyfluthrin |
|
Country/Region |
Monitored Food |
Tested Substances |
Philippines |
Sea urchins for raw consumption*3 |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
Okura |
Difenoconazole, Fluazifop |
|
Mangoes |
Profenofos |
|
Vietnam |
Rice |
Acetamiprid |
Feverweed |
Chlorpyrifos, Hexaconazole |
|
Immature beans |
Difenoconazole |
|
New Zealand |
Red chili peppers |
Lufenuron |
Leek |
Alachlor |
|
Mexico |
Guava |
Cypermethrin |
Cherimoya |
Monocrotophos |
|
Turkey |
Poppy seeds |
Malathion |
Sesame seeds |
Carbaryl |
|
Brazil |
Wheat |
Methamidofos, Pirimiphos-methyl |
Soybeans |
Pirimiphos-methyl |
|
Taiwan |
Rice |
Methamidofos |
Tilapia for eating raw*3 |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
|
Venezuela |
Cacao beans |
2, 4-D, Dichlorvos and naled |
Colombia |
Coffee beans |
Chlorpyrifos |
India |
Cumin seeds |
Iprobenfos, Profenofos |
Ethiopia |
Coffee beans |
Atrazine, Piperonyl butoxide |
Hong Kong |
Jew‛s ear |
Fenpropathrin |
Australia |
Apple juice and raw material juice |
Patulin |
Laos |
Kale |
Fipronil |
Guatemala |
Sesame seeds |
Chlorpyrifos, Parathion-methyl |
Spain |
Almonds |
Isoprocarb |
Israel |
Honey |
Streptomycin |
Belgium |
Salsify |
Chlorpropham |
Nigeria |
Sesame seeds |
Acetochlor |
Countries other than Italy and Greek |
Processed pistachio nuts |
Aflatoxin |
Countries other than United Arab Emirates and Myanmar |
Galvanso beans |
Aflatoxin |
*1 During FY2007, inspections were usually conducted on half (30%) of all import notifications for items that are subject to enhanced monitoring following a detected violation. However, if there were no reoccurrences of similar violations during the year following the enhanced monitoring, the items reverted back to the usual monitoring system.
*2 Not including items included in Table 4.
*3 As a reinforcement of inspections during the summer period, all (100%) import notifications were inspected (Jun-Oct 2007).
Country/Region |
Monitored Food |
Tested Substances |
|---|---|---|
China |
Processed clam products |
Chloramphenicol |
Processed mackerel |
Malachite Green |
|
Honey |
Chloramphenicol, Nitrofuran, Streptomycin |
|
Green soybeans |
Propham |
|
Persimmon leaves |
Carbendazim, Thiophanate, Thiophanate-metyl and Benomyl |
|
Carrots |
Triadimenol, Methamidofos |
|
Korea |
Constricted tagelus |
Endosulfan |
Freshwater Clams |
Endosulfan |
|
Grape tomato |
Fluquinconazole |
|
Clams |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison |
|
India |
Chili peppers |
Triazophos |
Mangoes |
Chlorpyrifos |
|
Thailand |
Bananas |
Cypermethrin |
Philippines |
Okra |
Tebufenozide |
US |
Strawberries |
Quinoxyfen*1 |
Belgium |
Leek |
Haloxyfop |
*1 The inspection order was lifted as of January 24, 2008.
Country/Region |
Shifted Item |
Tested Substances |
|---|---|---|
United Arab Emirates |
Galvanso beans |
Aflatoxin |
Italy |
Unheated meat products (limited to manufacturers) |
Listeria monocytogenes |
Processed pistachio nuts |
Aflatoxin |
|
Korea |
Clams |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison |
Arch shells (limited to manufacturers) |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
|
Tairagigai (Atrina pectinata) (limited to manufacturers) |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
|
Spain |
Meat products (limited to manufacturers) |
Listeria monocytogenes |
US |
Meat products (limited to manufacturers) |
Listeria monocytogenes |
Vietnam |
Sesame seeds |
Aflatoxin |
Myanmar |
Galvanso beans |
Aflatoxin |
Country/Region |
Main Foods Subject to Inspection Orders |
Main Tested Substances |
Number of Inspections |
Number of Violations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
All exporting countries |
Peanuts, nuts, chili peppers, etc. |
Aflatoxin |
10,048 |
70 |
Salmon roe, etc. |
Nitrite, etc. |
402 |
5 |
|
Beans containing cyanida |
Cyanide compounds, etc. |
477 |
21 |
|
China |
Buckwheat |
Aflatoxin |
878 |
0 |
Clams |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison, paralytic shellfish poison |
7,547 |
28 |
|
Eel, prawns, honey, etc. |
Enrofloxacin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, etc. |
36,291 |
29 |
|
Fruit and vegetables, beans, fish |
Fenpropathrin, tebufenozide, chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, etc. |
34,652 |
59 |
|
Processed eel products |
Bacteria count, coliform bacteria |
2,935 |
3 |
|
All processed foods |
Cyclamic acid |
2,449 |
1 |
|
Thailand |
Basil seed |
Aflatoxin |
5 |
1 |
Fruit and vegetables |
Chlorpyrifos, parathion-methyl, propiconazole, etc. |
1,667 |
3 |
|
Prawns |
Oxolinic acid |
3,759 |
0 |
|
Korea |
Clams |
Paralytic shellfish poison, diarrhetic shellfish poison |
3,484 |
2 |
Arch shells |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
15 |
0 |
|
Freshwater calm |
Endosulfan |
107 |
1 |
|
Fruit and vegetables |
Ethoprophos, chlorpyrifos, etc. |
336 |
0 |
|
Taiwan |
Vegetables, fruit, tea |
Bromopropylate, chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, etc. |
555 |
9 |
Eel, royal jelly, soft-shelled turtle |
Furazolidone (AOZ), furaltadone (AMOZ), |
9,904 |
4 |
|
All processed foods, etc. |
Cyclamic acid, etc. |
63 |
0 |
|
US |
Corn, almonds, etc. |
Aflatoxin |
2,816 |
51 |
Popcorn, artichokes, parsley, etc. |
Pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos, fenvalerate, etc. |
859 |
5 |
|
Vietnam |
Sesame seeds, sorghum |
Aflatoxin |
52 |
1 |
Prawns, squid |
Chloramphenicol, AOZ, etc. |
21,105 |
96 |
|
Spinach |
Indoxacarb |
187 |
0 |
|
All processed foods |
Cyclamin acid |
96 |
0 |
|
Ecuador |
Cocoa beans |
2,4-D, Diuron, cypermethrin |
321 |
58 |
Other (17 countries, 44 items) |
27,277 |
39 |
||
Total |
168,287 |
486 |
||
*”Number of inspections” is the gross number of inspections by tested substance.
Violated Article |
Number of Violations |
Ratio (%) |
Main Violations |
|---|---|---|---|
Article 6 |
226 |
18.6 |
Contamination of peanuts, adlay, corn, chili peppers, cocoa beans, sesame seeds and almonds, etc. with aflatoxin; contamination with toxic fish; detection of diarrhetic and paralytic shellfish poisons; detection of cyanide compounds; detection of Listeria monocytogenes and unheated meat products; decay, deterioration, and fungus formation due to accidents during the transport of rice, wheat, etc. |
Article 9 |
9 |
0.7 |
Failure to attach sanitary certificate. |
Article 10 |
70 |
5.8 |
Use of undesignated additives, including cyclamic acid, azorubine, TBHQ, polysorbate, quinoline yellow, sodium alumininosilicate, isobutene, patent blue V, trisodium pyrophosphate, dipotassium pyrophosphate, dicalcium pyrophosphate, boric acid, L-arginine hydrochloride |
Article 11 |
839 |
69.2 |
frozen vegetables (violation of standards for residual agricultural chemicals); violation of compositional standards for seafood and processed seafood products (inclusion of antibacterial substances, violation of standards for residual agricultural chemicals); violation of compositional standards for other processed foods (coliform bacteria positive, etc.); violation of standards for the use of additives (sorbic acid, benzoic acid, sulfur dioxide, etc.). |
Article 18 |
68 |
5.6 |
Violation of specifications for equipment and containers/packaging. |
Total |
1,212 (gross) *1 |
|
|
*1: Gross number of violations by tested substance.
*2: Number of notifications for which inspection was carried out.
Country of Production |
Item Type |
Violation |
Number of cases* |
|---|---|---|---|
China |
Frozen food (vegetables) |
Viable cell count (3), coliform bacteria (12), E. coli (2) |
17 |
Frozen food (fish) |
Viable cell count a (8), coliform bacteria (6), E. coli (2) |
16 |
|
Frozen food (other) |
Viable cell count (6), coliform bacteria t (1), E. coli (4) |
11 |
|
Frozen food (squid) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (4), E. coli (5) |
10 |
|
Meat products |
Coliform bacteria (3), E. coli (5), staphylococcus aureus (1) |
9 |
|
Food packed in containers and sterilized by pressurization and heating |
Microorganisms with potential to grow |
7 |
|
Frozen food (aquatic animals) |
Viable cell count (3), coliform bacteria (3) |
6 |
|
Boiled octopus |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (5) |
6 |
|
Fish paste products |
Coliform bacteria |
6 |
|
Frozen food (prawns) |
Viable cell count (3), coliform bacteria (2) |
5 |
|
Frozen food (livestock food products) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (1) , E. coli (3) |
5 |
|
Eel |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (2) |
3 |
|
Processed fishery products |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (1) |
2 |
|
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Coliform bacteria (1) , E. coli (1) |
2 |
|
Frozen food (shellfish) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Salmon |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Mackerel |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Ice |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Thailand |
Frozen food (prawns) |
Viable cell count (3), coliform bacteria (8), E. coli (2) |
13 |
Frozen food (squid) |
Viable cell count (3), coliform bacteria (6) |
9 |
|
Frozen food (fish) |
Viable cell count (2), v coliform bacteria (3), E. coli (3) |
8 |
|
Frozen food (livestock food products) |
Viable cell count (3), coliform bacteria (5) |
8 |
|
Frozen food (fruit) |
Viable cell count (3), coliform bacteria (4) |
7 |
|
Frozen food (other) |
Coliform bacteria (1), E. coli (5) |
6 |
|
Fish paste products |
Coliform bacteria |
5 |
|
Meat products |
Coliform bacteria (2), E. coli (2) |
4 |
|
Cassava |
Viable cell count |
2 |
|
Frozen food (aquatic animals) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (1) |
2 |
|
Okra |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Salmon |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Country of Production |
Item Type |
Violation |
Number of cases* |
Vietnam |
Frozen food (prawns) |
E. coli |
8 |
Frozen food (other) |
Viable cell count (2), coliform bacteria (2), E. coli (3) |
7 |
|
Fish paste products |
Coliform bacteria |
4 |
|
Frozen food (fish) |
Coliform bacteria (1), E. coli (2) |
3 |
|
Boiled octopus |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (1) |
2 |
|
Frozen food (squid) |
Coliform bacteria |
2 |
|
Frozen food (aquatic animals) |
Viable cell count |
2 |
|
Frozen food (fruit) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Salmon |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Indonesia |
Frozen food (prawns) |
Viable cell count (2), coliform bacteria (2), E. coli (4) |
8 |
Boiled octopus |
Viable cell count (2), coliform bacteria (1) |
3 |
|
Beverages |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (squid) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (fruit) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Frozen food (fish) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (vegetables) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Korea |
Arch shells |
Coliform bacteria (1), |
4 |
Frozen food (shellfish) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (2) |
3 |
|
Processed fishery products |
Most probable number (MPN) of vibrio parahaemolyticus |
2 |
|
Beverages |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Fish paste products |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (fish) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
France |
Frozen food (other) |
Coliform bacteria |
4 |
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Viable cell count (2), coliform bacteria (1) |
3 |
|
Butter |
Coliform bacteria |
2 |
|
Meat products |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (livestock food products) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Philippines |
Frozen food (squid) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (2) |
3 |
Frozen food (fruit) |
Coliform bacteria |
3 |
|
Frozen food (fish) |
Coliform bacteria (1), E. coli (2) |
3 |
|
Frozen food (aquatic animals) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Frozen food (vegetables) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Taiwan |
Ice |
Viable cell count (2), coliform bacteria (1) |
3 |
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Viable cell count |
2 |
|
Beverages |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (other) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Italy |
Meat products |
Staphylococcus aureus |
2 |
Ice cream |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Butter |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Country of Production |
Item Type |
Violation |
Number of cases* |
US |
Beverages |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (2) |
3 |
Frozen food (other) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
|
Belgium |
Ice cream |
Coliform bacteria |
3 |
Ice |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Peru |
Frozen food (fruit) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (1) |
2 |
Frozen food (vegetables) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
|
Fiji |
Frozen food (fish) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (2) |
3 |
Chili |
Frozen food (aquatic animals) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (1) |
2 |
Poland |
Beverages |
Viable cell count |
2 |
Malaysia |
Frozen food (squid) |
Viable cell count (1), coliform bacteria (1) |
2 |
United Arab Emirates |
Frozen food (other) |
E. coli |
1 |
Australia |
Frozen food (vegetables) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
India |
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Coliform bacteria |
1 |
Mexico |
Frozen food (vegetables) |
E. coli |
1 |
Netherlands |
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
New Zealand |
Food packed in containers and sterilized by pressurization and heating |
Microorganisms with potential to grow |
1 |
Pakistan |
Frozen food (prawns) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
Turkey |
Frozen food (shellfish) |
Viable cell count |
1 |
Total |
296 |
||
* “Number of cases” is the gross number of violations.
Country of Production |
Item Type |
Violation |
Number of cases* |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
New/Conventional Standard |
Uniform Standard |
|||
China |
Large peanuts |
|
BHC (9), acetochlor (9) |
18 |
Ginger |
Chlorpyrifos (2), aldicarb (1) |
BHC (10) |
13 |
|
Oolong tea |
Triazophos |
|
7 |
|
Jew‛s ear |
Chlorpyrifos (3), bifenthrin (1), methamidofos (1) |
Fenpropathrin (1) |
6 |
|
Green onions |
|
Tebufenozide |
5 |
|
Immature beans |
|
Fenpropathrin (4), buprofezine (1) |
5 |
|
Snap peas |
|
Isoprothiolane (1), flusilazole (1), difenoconazole (1) |
3 |
|
Carrots |
Triadimenol (2), Methamidofos (1) |
|
3 |
|
Green peppers |
|
Pyrimethanil |
2 |
|
Garlic stems |
Imazalil |
Pyrimethanil (1) |
2 |
|
Sesame seeds |
2, 4-D |
Parathion-methyl (1) |
2 |
|
Green soybeans |
Propham |
|
2 |
|
Shiitake mushrooms |
|
Fenpropathrin |
2 |
|
Immature field peas |
|
Tebufenozide (1), flusilazole (1) |
2 |
|
Asparagus |
Phoxim (1), propham (1) |
|
2 |
|
Buckweat |
Methamidofos |
|
2 |
|
Spinach |
Clothianidin (1), famoxadone (1) |
|
2 |
|
Persimmon leaves |
|
Carbendazim, thiophanate, thiophanate-metyl and benomyl (2) |
2 |
|
Komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. peruviridis) |
Lufenuron |
|
1 |
|
Mustard |
Propham |
|
1 |
|
Qing-geng-cai |
Famoxadone |
|
1 |
|
Matsutake mushrooms |
|
Acetochlor |
1 |
|
Perilla (including green perilla) |
Difenoconazole |
|
1 |
|
Kale |
Atrazine |
|
1 |
|
Chinese chives |
|
Fenpropathrin |
1 |
|
Ecuador |
Cocoa beans |
Cypermethrin (6) |
2, 4-D (53) |
59 |
Thailand |
Red chili peppers |
Triazophos (1), propiconazole (1) |
Difenoconazole (2) |
4 |
Bananas |
Cypermethrin |
|
3 |
|
Feverweed |
Cypermethrin (1), Chlorpyrifos (1) |
|
2 |
|
Okra |
Dinotefuran (1) |
EPN (1) |
2 |
|
Asparagus |
Diuron (1) |
EPN (1) |
2 |
|
Garlic |
Chlorpyrifos |
|
1 |
|
Lemongrass |
|
EPN |
1 |
|
Spinach |
Chlorpyrifos |
|
1 |
|
Acacia |
|
Isoprothiolane |
1 |
|
Asiasarum root |
|
EPN |
1 |
|
Country of Production |
Item Type |
Violation |
Number of cases* |
|
New/Conventional Standard |
Uniform Standard |
|||
Ghana |
Cacao beans |
Chlorpyrifos (3), pirimiphos-methyl (6), endosulfan (1) |
Fenvalerate (7) |
17 |
Korea |
Constricted tagelus |
Endosulfan |
|
9 |
Green pepper |
Bitertanol (1) |
Tebuconazole (1), fluquinconazole (1) |
3 |
|
Tomato |
|
Fluquinconazole |
2 |
|
Green chili peppers |
|
Tebuconazole |
1 |
|
Tea |
Triazophos |
Tebufenozide (5), fluazifop (2), difenoconazole (1) |
1 |
|
Philippines |
Okra |
Methamidofos (1) |
|
9 |
Mangoes |
Cyoermethrin (1), profenofos (1) |
|
2 |
|
Taiwan |
Tea |
Bromopropylate |
|
9 |
Carrots |
Methamidofos |
|
1 |
|
US |
Strawberries |
|
Quinoxyfen |
3 |
Parsley |
Chlorpyripos |
|
3 |
|
Potato |
Methyl isothiocyanate, etc. |
|
1 |
|
India |
Chili peppers |
Triazophos |
|
4 |
Mangoes |
Chlorpyripos |
|
2 |
|
Vietnam |
Rice |
|
Acetamiprid |
2 |
Feverweed |
Chlorpyripos (1), hexaconazole (1) |
|
2 |
|
Brazil |
Wheat |
Methamidofos (1), Pirimiphos-methyl (2) |
|
3 |
Soybeans |
Pirimiphos-methyl |
|
1 |
|
France |
Red currants |
|
Flusilazole |
1 |
Chicory |
Thiabendazole |
|
1 |
|
Parsnip |
|
Tebuconazole |
1 |
|
Lentil |
Chlorpropham |
|
1 |
|
Belgium |
Leek |
|
Haloxyfop |
2 |
Salsify |
Chlorpropham |
|
1 |
|
Indonesia |
Swimming crab |
Endosulfan |
|
1 |
Spinach |
Cyfluthrin |
|
1 |
|
Green chili peppers |
|
Difenoconazole |
1 |
|
Mexico |
Guava |
Cypermethrin |
|
2 |
Cherimoya |
|
Monocrotophos |
1 |
|
Ethiopia |
Coffee beans |
|
Atrazine (1), Piperonyl butoxide (1) |
2 |
Guatemala |
Sesame seeds |
Chlorpyripos (1) |
Parathion-methyl (1) |
2 |
Laos |
Kale |
Fipronil |
|
2 |
New Zealand |
Red chili peppers |
Lufenuron |
|
1 |
Leek |
Alachlor |
|
1 |
|
Bangladesh |
Chili peppers |
Triazophos |
|
1 |
Hong Kong |
Tea |
Triazophos |
|
1 |
Nigeria |
Sesame seeds |
|
Acetochlor |
1 |
Netherlands |
Celeriac |
|
Difenoconazole |
1 |
Venezuela |
Cacao beans |
|
2, 4-D |
1 |
Total |
265 |
|||
* “Number of cases” is the gross number of violations.
Country of Production |
Item Type |
Violation |
Number of Cases* |
|---|---|---|---|
US |
Corn |
Aflatoxin |
50 |
Almonds |
Aflatoxin |
7 |
|
Peanuts |
Aflatoxin |
4 |
|
Nutmeg |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Pistachio nuts |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Other |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
China |
Peanuts |
Aflatoxin |
21 |
Frozen food (shellfish) |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison (7), paralytic shellfish poison (5) |
12 |
|
Clam |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison (2), paralytic shellfish poison (8) |
10 |
|
Ark shell |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison (3), paralytic shellfish poison (1) |
4 |
|
Adlay |
Aflatoxin |
4 |
|
Processed fishery products |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison (1), paralytic shellfish poison (1) |
2 |
|
Bean jam |
Cyanide compounds |
1 |
|
Figs |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Confectionery |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Thailand |
Adlay |
Aflatoxin |
9 |
Cassava |
Cyanide compounds |
2 |
|
Chili peppers |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Other |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Brazil |
Potato powder |
Cyanide compounds |
8 |
Corn |
Aflatoxin |
2 |
|
Australia |
Confectionery |
Cyanide compounds |
4 |
Processed vegetable |
Cyanide compounds |
3 |
|
Almonds |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Beverages |
Patulin |
1 |
|
Colombia |
Cassava |
Cyanide compounds |
1 |
Spain |
Almonds |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
France |
Figs |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
Other |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Indonesia |
Confectionery |
Cyanide compounds |
5 |
Nutmeg |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Frozen food (Vegetable) |
Cyanide compounds |
1 |
|
India |
Peanuts |
Aflatoxin |
2 |
Chili peppers |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Iran |
Figs |
Aflatoxin |
2 |
Pistachio nuts |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Italy |
Pistachio nuts |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
Confectionery |
Cyanide compounds |
1 |
|
Other |
Aflatoxin |
2 |
|
Korea |
Ark shell |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison (1), paralytic shellfish poison (1) |
2 |
Clam |
Paralytic shellfish poison |
1 |
|
Confectionery |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
Sri Lanka |
Chili peppers |
Aflatoxin |
4 |
Country of Production |
Item Type |
Violation |
Number of Cases* |
Myanmar |
Other |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
Malaysia |
Chocolates |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
Confectionery |
Cyanide compounds |
1 |
|
Peru |
Brazil nuts |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
Turkey |
Figs |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
Venezuela |
Cacao beans |
Aflatoxin |
3 |
Vietnam |
Sesame seeds |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
Adlay |
Aflatoxin |
1 |
|
South Africa |
Peanuts |
Aflatoxin |
3 |
Total |
194 |
||
* “Number of cases” is the gross number of violations.
Country of production (Number of violation Total) |
Item type |
Violation |
Number of Cases* |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
New/conventional standard |
Uniform standard |
|||
Vietnam |
Prawns |
|
Chloramphenicol (43), furazolidone (as AOZ) (9), semicarbazide (5) |
57 |
Frozen food (prawns) |
|
Furazolidone (as AOZ) (12), chloramphenicol (4), xuraltadone (as AMOZ) (4) |
20 |
|
Squid |
|
Chloramphenicol |
13 |
|
Salmon |
Oxytetracycline |
|
1 |
|
Frozen food (squid) |
|
Chloramphenicol |
2 |
|
Frozen food (aquatic animals) |
|
Chloramphenicol |
4 |
|
Frozen food (other) |
|
Chloramphenicol (2), semicarbazide (1) |
3 |
|
China |
Eel |
|
Leucomalachite green (13), furazolidone (as AOZ) (2), ciprofloxacin (1), semicarbazide (1), malachite green (1) |
18 |
Clam |
|
Chloramphenicol |
3 |
|
Prawns |
|
Tetracycline |
5 |
|
Mackerel |
|
Leucomalachite green |
3 |
|
Ocellate puffer |
Oxytetracycline |
|
1 |
|
Bastard halibut |
|
Furazolidone (as AOZ) |
1 |
|
Processed royal jelly |
|
Chloramphenicol (1), furazolidone (as AOZ) (1) |
2 |
|
Processed honey products |
|
Chloramphenicol |
1 |
|
Frozen food (prawns) |
Oxytetracycline |
|
1 |
|
Frozen food (fish) |
|
Leucomalachite green (2), malachite green (1) |
3 |
|
Frozen food (livestock food products) |
|
Furaltadone (as AMOZ) |
1 |
|
Other |
|
Leucomalachite green |
1 |
|
Indonesia |
Prawns |
|
Furazolidone (as AOZ) |
3 |
Frozen food (prawns) |
|
Smicarbazide (3), furazolidone (as AOZ) (2) |
5 |
|
Country of production (Number of violation Total) |
Item type |
Violation |
Number of Cases* |
|
New/conventional standard |
Uniform standard |
|||
Taiwan |
Eel |
|
Furaltadone (as AMOZ) (2), furazolidone (as AOZ) (2) |
4 |
Ireland |
Processed honey products |
|
Streptomycin |
1 |
Korea |
Clam |
|
Malachite green |
1 |
Thailand |
Soft-shelled turtles |
|
Malachite green |
1 |
Processed honey products |
Tetracycline |
|
1 |
|
US |
Processed royal jelly |
|
Chloramphenicol |
1 |
Pollen |
Oxytetracycline |
|
1 |
|
Total |
158 |
|||
* “Number of cases” is the gross number of violations.
Country of production (Number of violation Total) |
Item type |
Violation |
Number of Cases* |
|---|---|---|---|
China |
Pickles |
Cyclamic acid (5), saccharin sodium (1) |
6 |
Shiitake mushrooms |
Sulfur dioxide |
5 |
|
Syrup preserves |
Cyclamic acid (2), sulfur dioxide (2) |
4 |
|
Health foods |
TBHQ (2), ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate (2), sulfur dioxide (1) |
5 |
|
Confectionery |
Cyclamic acid (2), sulfur dioxide (1) |
3 |
|
Processed fishery products |
Carbon monoxide (1), |
3 |
|
Boiled octopus |
Sulfur dioxide |
2 |
|
Beverages |
Cyclamic acid |
2 |
|
Dried fruit |
Sulfur dioxide |
2 |
|
Dried vegetable |
Sulfur dioxide |
2 |
|
Squid |
Cyclamic acid |
1 |
|
Processed cereal products |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Meat products |
Cyclamic acid |
1 |
|
Boiled vegetable |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Soybeans |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Processed livestock foods |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Processed vegetable |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Frozen food (other) |
TBHQ |
2 |
|
Other |
Sulfur dioxide (5), TBHQ (1) |
6 |
|
France |
Confectionery |
Patent blue V (2), azorubin (1) |
3 |
Health foods |
Sulfur dioxide |
2 |
|
Jelly |
Patent blue V |
1 |
|
Cheese |
Iron sesquioxide |
1 |
|
Chocolate |
Patent blue V |
1 |
|
Beverages |
Methanol |
1 |
|
Fruit wine |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Dried fruit |
Sorbic acid |
1 |
|
Frozen food (fruit) |
Cyclamic acid |
1 |
|
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Potassium sorbate |
1 |
|
Frozen food (vegetable) |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Country of production (Number of violation Total) |
Item type |
Violation |
Number of Cases* |
Belgium |
Chocolate |
Polysorbate (8), iron sesquioxide (1) |
9 |
Syrup |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Confectionery |
Acesulfame potassium |
1 |
|
Australia |
Processed vegetable |
Sorbic acid |
2 |
Meat products |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Brazil |
Processed cereal products |
TBHQ |
2 |
Other |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Canada |
Confectionery |
TBHQ |
1 |
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Polysorbate |
1 |
|
Other |
TBHQ |
3 |
|
Chili |
Processed fishery products |
Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate |
1 |
Other |
Imazalil |
2 |
|
Spain |
Pickles |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
Hong Kong |
Processed fishery products |
TBHQ |
1 |
Pickles |
Sulfur dioxide |
2 |
|
Hungary |
Meat products |
Trisodium diphosphate, dipotassium diphosphate, dicalcium diphosphate |
1 |
Indonesia |
Frozen food (vegetable) |
TBHQ |
1 |
India |
Confectionery |
TBHQ |
2 |
Tea |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Frozen food (other) |
Polysorbate |
1 |
|
Iran |
Processed fishery products |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
Italy |
Confectionery |
Sorbic acid |
3 |
Syrup preserves |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Other |
Sorbic acid (1), sulfur dioxide (1) |
2 |
|
Korea |
Processed fishery products |
Polysorbate (1), nitrite (1) |
2 |
Processed cereal products |
Polysorbate |
1 |
|
Processed livestock foods |
Polysorbate |
1 |
|
Monaco |
Chocolate |
Sorbic acid |
1 |
Malta |
Processed fishery products |
Carbon monoxide (Day 0) (1), carbon monoxide (Day 2) (1) |
2 |
Malaysia |
Jelly |
Benzoic acid |
1 |
Netherlands |
Confectionery |
Azorubine |
1 |
New Zealand |
Health foods |
TBHQ |
1 |
Country of production (Number of violation Total) |
Item type |
Violation |
Number of Cases* |
Philippines |
Syrup preserves |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
Boiled octopus |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Processed fishery products |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Other |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Thailand |
Processed vegetable |
Benzoic acid |
1 |
Other |
Benzoic acid (2), polysorbate (1) |
3 |
|
Taiwan |
Beverages |
Polysorbate |
3 |
Meat products |
Cyclamic acid |
2 |
|
Processed livestock foods |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Peanuts |
TBHQ |
1 |
|
Frozen food (agricultural food products) |
Polysorbate |
1 |
|
Other |
TBHQ (1), cyclamic acid (1), rhodamine B (1) |
3 |
|
US |
Processed fishery products |
Nitrite |
5 |
Confectionery |
Sulfur dioxide (3), TBHQ (1) |
4 |
|
Meat products |
TBHQ (1), β-Apo-8'- Carotenal (1), sorbic acid (1) |
3 |
|
Health foods |
Sorbic acid (1), L-arginine hydrochloride (1) |
2 |
|
Potato powder |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Syrup |
Ester gum |
1 |
|
Beverages |
Quinoline yellow |
1 |
|
Dried fruit |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Pickles |
Benzoic acid |
1 |
|
Other |
Isobutane, imazalil |
2 |
|
Vietnam |
Boiled octopus |
Sulfur dioxide |
2 |
Tea alternatives |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
|
Frozen food (squid) |
Hydrogen peroxide |
1 |
|
Uzbekistan |
Dried fruit |
Sulfur dioxide |
1 |
Total |
160 |
||
* “Number of cases” is the gross number of violations.
Month of reinforcement |
Country |
Food and contents |
Background and monitoring status |
|---|---|---|---|
May 2007 |
China |
Plant-derived protein products, etc. |
Import inspections were tightened based on a report from the US regarding the occurrence of fatal incidents involving dogs and cats having been given pet food made of Chinese-produced wheat gluten, etc., which was later found to be contaminated with melamine. |
May 2007 |
China |
Glycerin |
Import inspections were tightened based on a report from Panama regarding fatal incidents involving those who had taken medications made of Chinese-produced glycerin, which was later found to be contaminated with diethylene glycol. |
May 2007 |
China |
Goosefish |
The level of monitoring was reinforced, together with a thorough differentiation of fish species at import, based on a report from the US regarding occurrences of food poisoning following consumption of mislabeled puffer fish sold as Chinese-produced goosefish. |
May 2007 |
Canada/US |
Pepper/sesame paste |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such products, based on information regarding product recall in Canada (pepper/US-produced sesame paste). |
August 2007 |
China |
Ginger |
Import inspections were tightened based on a report from the US that Chinese-grown ginger was found to be tainted with aldicarb sulfoxide. |
August 2007 |
Switzerland |
Guar gum |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such a product, based on information regarding product recall in Switzerland. |
August 2007 |
US |
Seafood dip |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such a product, based on information regarding product recall in the US. |
August 2007 |
Canada |
Salami |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such a product, based on information regarding product recall in Canada. |
August 2007 |
France |
Freshwater fish |
Voluntary import restraint measures were taken for fish and seafood from the Rhône and Loire Rivers based on a report from France that they were found to be tainted with PCB or mercury. |
September 2007 |
Thailand |
Baby corn |
Guidelines were issued against the sale or use of such products when they were found, based on a report from Denmark and Australia regarding the occurrence of food poisoning following consumption of Thai-produced baby corn. |
Month of reinforcement |
Country |
Food and contents |
Background and monitoring status |
October 2007 |
Australia/ US |
Grated cheese |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such products based on information regarding product recall in Australia (grated cheese) and the US (canned soup). |
November 2007 |
UK |
Cookies (possibly containing pieces of metal) |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such products based on information regarding product recall in the UK. |
December 2007 |
US |
Soft drinks (possibly contaminated with Bacillus cereus) |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such products based on information regarding product recall in the UK. |
January 2008 |
Mongolia |
Vodka |
Voluntary inspections measures were taken based on a report from Mongolia regarding the occurrence of food poisoning (death in some cases) following consumption of vodka, which was later found to be contaminated with industrial alcohol. |
January 2008 |
New Zealand |
Ice cream |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such a product based on information regarding product recall in New Zealand. |
January 2008 |
Australia |
Crackers |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such products based on information regarding product recall in Australia. |
February 2008 |
US |
Oil dip (possibly contaminated with Clostridium botulinum) |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such products based on information regarding product recall in the US. |
February 2008 |
US |
Corn |
Import inspections were tightened based on a report from the US government that corn seeds mixed with those from unapproved genetically modified corn had been planted. |
March 2008 |
France/the Philippines |
Chocolates |
Measures were taken to return shipments for each import notification of such products based on information regarding product recall in the UK (French-produced chocolates) and in the Philippines (crackers). |
March 2008 |
Italy |
Mozzarella cheese |
Voluntary import restraint measures were taken for Italian-produced mozzarella cheese based on a report from Italy that they were found to be tainted with dioxins. |
Item |
Bilateral Discussion |
Time of On-site Inspection |
|---|---|---|
Frozen spinach produced in China |
Talks began in July 2002. In June 2004, voluntary import restrictions were lifted for only certain companies. In August 2005, other companies were added to the list of companies with lifted voluntary import restrictions. Companies with substantial import experience were cleared of the inspection order in December 2007. Talks are still underway. |
April 2007 |
Eel produced in China |
Talks began in April 2002. The number of test samples under the inspection order was doubled and a request was made for an investigation into the Chinese management system, after malachite green and AOZ were found in products distributed in China in July and August in 2007. Talks are still underway. |
- |
Foods produced in China |
The MHLW requested that China prevent export of foods violating Chinese law and ensure compliance with the Food Sanitation Act of Japan. |
August 2007 |
Mangoes produced in India |
Talks began in May 2007. Talks are still underway. |
- |
Okra produced in Thailand |
Talks began in April 2007. The inspection order on dinotefuran was lifted after a revision to its standards. Registered companies were cleared of the inspection order on RPN. |
- |
Lemons produced in Chili |
Talks began in October 2007. Talks are still underway. |
- |
Strawberries produced in the US |
Talks began in October 2007. The inspection order on quinoxyfen was lifted after a revision of its standards. |
- |
Beef produced in the US |
Talks began in December 2003. In December 2005, exporting from specific facilities resumed, on the condition of compliance with an export program. In January 2006, as a result of veal produced in the US being confirmed to contain spinal column, import procedures were suspended for all beef produced in the US. Import procedures resumed in July 2006. For the purpose of verifying compliance with the export program, on-site inspections were conducted at the authorized facilities focused on export to Japan. Talks are still underway. |
May 2007 |
Beef produced in Canada |
Talks began in May 2003. For the purpose of verifying compliance with the export standards, on-site inspections were conducted at the Canadian government-authorized facilities focused on export to Japan. Talks are still underway. |
September 2007 |
Meat products produced in San Marino |
Talks began in November 2006. Talks on meat products hygiene regulations and on-site inspections on meat processing factories. Talks are still underway. |
November 2007 |
Pork produced in Italy |
Talks began in October 2007. An investigation into the hygiene regulations on pork and on-site inspections on slaughterhouses. |
November 2007 |
Oysters for eating raw produced in Ireland |
Talks began in December 2004. On-site inspections on oystering areas and facilities. Importing resumed. |
July 2007 |
Cultured shrimps produced in Thailand |
Talks began in February 2006. On-site inspections on cultivation areas and processing facilities. For those with a certification attachment, the inspection order is lifted. |
March 2008 |
Cultured shrimps produced in Vietnam |
Talks began in June 2006. The MHLW notified quarantine stations of the Vietnamese government‛s report on its investigation into a possible cause in December 2006, and of their report on preventive measures in January 2007. |
March-April 2008 |
|
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
FY2006 |
FY2007 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of Import consultations |
5,969 |
5,506 |
9,210 |
9,786 |
10,633 |
Number of import consultations by item |
13,185 |
11,023 |
18,408 |
18,224 |
22,038 |
Number of violations by item |
515 |
468 |
691 |
679 |
401 |
* Offices of Imported Food Consultation are located in quarantine stations in Otaru, Sendai, Narita Airport, Tokyo, Yokohama, Niigata, Nagoya, Osaka, Kansai Airport, Kobe, Hiroshima, Fukuoka, and Naha.
* Since FY2005, figures have been aggregated by fiscal year.
* The figures record only those consultations conducted at Offices of Imported Food Consultation prior to importation.
Article |
Number of Violations |
Ratio |
Description of Major Violations |
|---|---|---|---|
Article 6 |
7 |
1.7 |
Detection of aflatoxin and excessive amounts of methanol, fillets of puffer fish (non-importable fish species and forms), use of lupine beans |
Article 9 |
7 |
1.7 |
Foods containing bovine-derived materials from a BSE-affected country (voluntary import restraint) |
Article 10 |
202 |
50.4 |
Use of iodized salt, glucosamine sulfate, potassium fluoride acid, polysorbate, quinoline yellow, rhodamine B, azorubine, black NP, TBHQ, cyclamic acid, sodium stearoyl lactylate, etc. |
Article 11 |
183 |
45.7 |
Noncompliance with manufacturing or processing standards
|
Article 18 |
2 |
0.5 |
Violation of standards for tableware. |
Total |
520 (gross) |
|
|
Country of Production |
Item |
Description of Violations |
Number of Cases* |
|---|---|---|---|
US |
Health foods |
Magnesium stearate (5), mineral chelates (2), bovine-derived materials from a BSE-affected country (1), selenomethionine (1), choline, tartaric acid salts (1), methylcobalamin (1), potassium iodide (1), sodium selenate (1), ferrous gluconate (1), manganese gluconate (1), glucosamine sulfate (1), potassium sorbate (1), acesulfame potassium (1), tocopherol succinate (1), croscarmellose sodium (1), sodium molybdate (1), irradiation (1), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (1) |
23 |
Soft drinks |
Potassium sorbate (5), chromium chloride (1), manganese gluconate (1), sodium selenate (1), vitamin A palmitic acid (1), sodium molybdate (1), potassium iodide (1), Ferric phosphate (1), chromium nicotinate (1), magnesium lactate (1), zinc picolinate (1), EDTA (1), choline (1), sodium sorbate (1), sulfuric acid (1) |
19 |
|
Confectionery |
Potassium sorbate (5), benzoic acid (1), TBHQ (1), sodium propionate (1), paraffin sulfate (1), BHT (1), L-cysteine (1), polysorbate (1), aluminium sodium sulfate (1), food yellow No.4 (1) |
14 |
|
Seasonings |
Iron oxide (2), sodium thiosulfate (2), Sodium alumininosilicate (1), potassium iodate (1), methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (1), potassium sorbate (1), iodized salt (1), sodium benzoate (1), molybdenum (1) |
11 |
|
Meat products |
Water activity (5), iodized salt (3), bovine-derived materials from a BSE-affected country (2) |
10 |
|
Dairy products |
Potassium iodide (2), potassium sorbate (2), iso valeraldehyde (1), 2,5-dimethylpyrazine (1) |
6 |
|
Powdered beverages |
Sodium aluminosilicate (5) |
5 |
|
Spices |
Ethylene oxide (2), propylene oxicide (2) |
4 |
|
Alcoholic beverages |
Ester gum (1) |
1 |
|
China |
Confectionery |
Potassium sorbate (5), magnesium stearate (2), TBHQ (1), sodium dehydroacetate (1), propionic acid (1), potassium propionate (1), talc (1) |
12 |
Processed agricultural products |
Carmine (2), cyclamic acid (1), potassium sorbate (1), sodium saccharin (1), benzoic acid (1), sodium benzoate (1), sorbic acid (1), EDTA (1) |
9 |
|
Processed fishery products |
D-alanine (1), sulfur dioxide (1), potassium sorbate (1), acetic anhydride (1), sodium thiosulfate (1), sodium dehydroacetate (1), DDT (1), climbazole (1) |
8 |
|
Health foods |
Magnesium stearate (1), ethyl acetate (1), colostrum (1) |
3 |
|
Seasonings |
Potassium sorbate (1), sodium dehydroacetate (1) |
2 |
|
Soft drinks |
sorbic acid (1) |
1 |
|
Tea substitutes |
Fluorescent dyes (1) |
1 |
|
Country of Production |
Item |
Description of Violations |
Number of Cases* |
Australia |
Soft drinks |
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (4), noncompliance with manufacturing standards (2), potassium sorbate (2), polyethylene glycol (1), tocopheryl acetate (1) |
10 |
Health foods |
Propylene glycol (1), sodium lauryl sulfate (1), calcium carbonate (1), dibasic calcium phosphate (1), calcium monohydrogen phosphate (1), hexane and acetone (1), tocopheryl acetate (1), green S (1), brown HT (1), iron oxide (1) |
10 |
|
Confectionery |
Azorubine (1), sodium aluminium phosphate, acidic (1), calcium hydrogen carbonate (1), TBHQ (1), Sodium alumininosilicate (1) |
5 |
|
Frozen food |
Potassium sorbate (2), L-cysteine (1) |
3 |
|
Seasonings |
Potassium sorbate (1), sulfur dioxide (1) |
2 |
|
Ice cream |
Noncompliance with manufacturing standards (1) |
1 |
|
Fruit wine |
Quinoline yellow (1) |
1 |
|
Philippines |
Confectionery |
Iodized salt (3), aluminium sodium sulfate (1), TBHQ (1) |
5 |
Seasonings |
Iodized salt (2), sodium benzoate (1), benzoic acid (1), BHT (1) |
5 |
|
Noodles |
Iodized salt (1), potassium sorbate (1), food yellow No.4 (1), food yellow No.5 (1) |
4 |
|
Processed fish products |
Noncompliance with manufacturing standards (2), trisodium diphosphate (1) |
3 |
|
Ice cream |
Sodium benzoate (1), potassium sorbate (1), sulfur dioxide (1) |
3 |
|
Processed fruits |
Sulfur dioxide (1) |
1 |
|
Alcoholic beverages |
Ester gum (1) |
1 |
|
Meat products |
Iodized salt (1) |
1 |
|
France |
Health foods |
Zinc oxide (1), manganese gluconate (1), sodium selenite (1), magnesium silicate (1), cupric sulfate (1), mineral chelates (1), pyruvates (1) |
7 |
Seasonings |
Azorubine (1), patent blue (1), copper chlorophyll (1) |
3 |
|
Confectionery |
Iron sesquioxide (1), potassium sorbate (1), azorubine (1) |
3 |
|
Fruit wine |
Methanol (2) |
2 |
|
Meat products |
Noncompliance with manufacturing standards (2) |
2 |
|
Toys |
Undesignated coloring agents (1) |
1 |
|
Retort pouch foods |
Bovine-derived materials from a BSE-affected country (1) |
1 |
|
Germany |
Soft drinks |
Noncompliance with manufacturing standards (2), sodium selenite (1), chromium chloride (1), magnesium citrate (1), potassium sorbate (1), biotin (1) |
7 |
Health foods |
N-acetyl-L-cysteine (1), Cysteine (1), diammonium glycyrrhizinate (1), calcium ascorbate (1), magnesium ascorbate (1) |
5 |
|
Additives |
Potassium sulfate (1), potassium aluminosilicate (1), Unexamined genetically modified substances (1) |
3 |
|
Confectionery |
Sorbic acid (1), choline bitartrate (1) |
2 |
|
Processed cereals |
Lupine beans (1), iodized salt (1) |
2 |
|
Country of Production |
Item |
Description of Violations |
Number of Cases* |
Taiwan |
Soft drinks |
Potassium sorbate (3), noncompliance with manufacturing standards (2) |
5 |
Health foods |
Chromium chloride (1), magnesium stearate (1), iron oxide (1), polysorbate (1) |
4 |
|
Confectionery |
Calcium propionate (1), Sodium aluminosilicate (1), polysorbate (1) |
3 |
|
Seasonings |
Sorbic acid (2), benzoic acid (1) |
3 |
|
Processed agricultural products |
Potassium sorbate (1), chlorine dioxide (1), dibasic calcium phosphate (1) |
3 |
|
Thailand |
Baby formula |
Potassium iodide (1), choline bitartrate (1), phylloquinone (1), sodium selenate (1), calcium ascorbate (1) |
5 |
Processed agricultural products |
Sulfur dioxide (2), polysorbate (2) |
4 |
|
Confectionery |
Sodium stearoyl lactylate (1), iso valeraldehyde (1), sulfur dioxide (1), benzoic acid (1) |
4 |
|
Seasonings |
Sodium benzoate (1), potassium sorbate (1) |
2 |
|
Tea |
Food yellow No.5 (1) |
1 |
|
Processed fish products |
EDTA (1) |
1 |
|
India |
Toys |
Undesignated coloring agents (6) |
6 |
Health foods |
Azorubine (1), methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (1), propyl p-hydroxybenzoate (1), sodium lauryl sulfate (1), potassium acetate (1) |
5 |
|
Equipment |
Noncompliance with zinc standards (2) |
2 |
|
Sugars |
Azorubine (1) |
1 |
|
Processed fruits |
Potassium sorbate (1) |
1 |
|
Brazil |
Prepared flours |
Mineral chelates (1), cyclamic acid (1), D-mannitol (1), saccharin (1), irradiation (1) |
5 |
Sugars |
Sodium benzoate (1), polysorbate (1), propylene glycol (1) |
3 |
|
Soft drinks |
Potassium sorbate (1), cyclamic acid (1), iodized salt (1) |
3 |
|
Seasonings |
Benzoic acid (1), sorbic acid (1) |
2 |
|
Confectionery |
Irradiation (1) |
1 |
|
Holland |
Health foods |
Methylcobalamin (1), chromium chloride (1), potassium iodide (1), boron glycinate (1), phytonadione (1), choline bitartrate (1), poly[(ethyl acrylate)-co-(ethyl methacrylate)] (1) |
7 |
Confectionery |
Inosinic acid (1), potassium sorbate (1), talc (1), fatty acids (1) |
4 |
|
Soft drinks |
Noncompliance with manufacturing standards (1) |
1 |
|
Spain |
Confectionery |
Azorubine (1), patent blue (1), quinoline yellow (1), potassium sorbate (1), BHA (1), sorbic acid (1), triazine (1) |
7 |
Meat products |
Noncompliance with compositional standards (1), noncompliance with manufacturing standards (1), monosodium citrate (1) |
3 |
|
Health foods |
Chromium chloride (1) |
1 |
|
Processed fruits |
Potassium sorbate (1) |
1 |
|
Country of Production |
Item |
Description of Violations |
Number of Cases* |
Korea |
Health foods |
Zinc oxide (1), sodium stearoyl lactylate (1), D-mannitol (1), manganese sulfate (1), potassium iodide (1), phylloquinone (1) |
6 |
Soft drinks |
Silicone resin (3) |
3 |
|
Puffer fish |
Not in importable form (1) |
1 |
|
Processed cereals |
Polysorbate (1) |
1 |
|
Italy |
Processed fruits |
Sudan I (1), azorubine (1), black NP (1), potassium sorbate (1) |
4 |
Health foods |
Polysorbate (1), bovine-derived materials from a BSE-affected country (1) |
2 |
|
Alcoholic beverages |
Metatartaric acid (1) |
1 |
|
Confectionery |
Sodium stearoyl lactylate (1) |
1 |
|
Dairy products |
Polysorbate (1) |
1 |
|
Peru |
Confectionery |
Polysorbate (2), sorbic acid (1), potassium iodide (1), potassium fluoride acid (1), BHT (1), sodium benzoate (1) |
7 |
Soft drinks |
Acesulfame potassium (1), potassium sorbate (1) |
2 |
|
Canada |
Health foods |
Magnesium stearate (2), fast red E (1), bovine-derived materials from a BSE-affected country (1) |
4 |
Frozen food |
Sodium stearoyl lactylate (1), L-cysteine (1) |
2 |
|
Confectionery |
Polysorbate (1) |
1 |
|
Retort pouch foods |
Sodium benzoate (1) |
1 |
|
Vietnam |
Noodles |
Aflatoxin (1), rhodamine B (1), orange II (1) |
3 |
Processed agricultural products |
Sorbic acid (1), benzyl alcohol (1) |
2 |
|
Seasonings |
Sodium benzoate (1) |
1 |
|
Confectionery |
Magnesium stearate (1) |
1 |
|
Mexico |
Processed cereals |
Sodium benzoate (1), sodium propionate (1), sorbic acid (1), potassium sorbate (1) |
4 |
Confectionery |
Sodium propionate (1) |
1 |
|
New Zealand |
Ice cream |
Polysorbate (2), brown HT (1), green S (1) |
4 |
Hungary |
Health foods |
Talc (2) |
2 |
Seasonings |
Potassium iodide (1), sodium aluminosilicate (1) |
2 |
|
UK |
Soft drinks |
Quinine sulfate (2) |
2 |
Confectionery |
Potassium sorbate (1) |
1 |
|
Switzerland |
Confectionery |
Potassium sorbate (2), copper chlorophyll (1), iron sesquioxide (1) |
4 |
Malaysia |
Confectionery |
Brown HT (1), bovine-derived materials from a BSE-affected country (1) |
2 |
Soft drinks |
Noncompliance with manufacturing standards (1) |
1 |
|
Argentina |
Processed fruits |
Sodium sorbate (1) |
1 |
Frozen food |
Sodium stearoyl lactylate (1) |
1 |
|
Country of Production |
Item |
Description of Violations |
Number of Cases* |
Indonesia |
Sugars |
Sodium benzoate (1) |
1 |
Soft drinks |
Noncompliance with manufacturing standards (1) |
1 |
|
Greece |
Dairy products |
Sorbic acid (1), benzoic acid (1) |
2 |
Singapore |
Processed cereals |
Sodium aluminium phosphate (1) |
1 |
Soft drinks |
Sodium dihydrogen citrate (1) |
1 |
|
Other |
Processed cereals |
Chlorine (1), iodized salt (1), lupine beans (1), azorubine (1) |
4 |
Confectionery |
Potassium sorbate (2), sorbic acid (2) |
4 |
|
Health foods |
Propylene glycol (1), iron sesquioxide (1), ethyl acetate (1) |
3 |
|
Soft drinks |
Glucuronolactone (1), quinoline yellow (1) |
2 |
|
Additives |
Azorubine (1) |
1 |
|
Seasonings |
Ester gum (1) |
1 |
|
Alcoholic beverages |
Hydrogen cyanide (1) |
1 |
|
Total |
401 |
||
* “Number of cases” refers to the number of violation equivalents for each item.
Country of Production |
Item |
Violation |
Number of Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
China (11) |
Salted vegetables |
Sulfur dioxide |
2 |
Grilled eel (Frozen food) |
Leucomalachite green, furazolidone |
2 |
|
Equipment |
Lead |
2 |
|
Soused mackerel |
Malachite green |
1 |
|
Confectionery |
Sodium dehydroacetate |
1 |
|
Meat products |
Benzoic acid |
1 |
|
Persimmon leaves |
Carbendazim, thiophanate, thiophanate-metyl and benomyl |
1 |
|
Toys |
Bis phthalate |
1 |
|
US (6) |
Pickles |
Sulfur dioxide, benzoic acid |
2 |
Strawberries |
Quinoxyfen |
1 |
|
Lemons |
Imazalil |
1 |
|
Apple juice |
Stannum |
1 |
|
Toys |
Lead |
1 |
|
Vietnam |
Snap peas |
Difenoconazole |
1 |
Snow peas |
Difenoconazole |
1 |
|
Thailand |
Noodles |
Polysorbate |
1 |
Cakes |
2, 4-D |
1 |
|
UK |
Toys |
Bis phthalate |
1 |
Italy |
Meat products |
Listeria monocytogenes |
1 |
India |
Mangoes |
Chlorpyrifos |
1 |
Turkey |
Containers |
Lead |
1 |
Malaysia |
Coconut milk |
Growable microorganisms |
1 |
Total |
26 |
||
Term |
Description |
|---|---|
Nitrite |
Additive (color fixative) |
Acesulfame potassium |
Additive (sweetener) |
Acetamiprid |
Pesticide (neonicotinoide insecticide) |
Acetochlor |
Pesticide (anilide herbicide) |
Aflatoxin |
Mycotoxin (produced by fungi such as Aspergillus) |
Alachlor |
Pesticide (triazine herbicide) |
Aldicarb |
Pesticide (carbamate insecticide) |
Aldicarb sulfoxide |
Metabolite of aldicarb |
Sodium aluminosilicate |
Unspecified additive |
Carbon monoxide |
Unspecified additive |
Genetic modification |
Technology such as fragmentation of bacterial genes, arrangement of the gene sequences or introducing the arranged genes into other organism‛s genes |
Isoprocarb |
Pesticide (carbamate insecticide) |
Isoprothiolane |
Pesticide (malonic ester fungicide) |
Imazalil |
Additive (antifungal agent) |
Iprobenfos |
Pesticide (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Indoxacarb |
Pesticide (oxadiazine insecticide) |
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium salt |
Additive (antioxidant) |
Ethoprophos |
Pesticide (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Endosulfan |
Pesticide (organochlorine insecticide) |
Enrofloxacin |
Animal drug (synthetic antimicrobial (new quinolone)) |
Staphylococcus aureus |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that normally lives inside humans and animals and produces an enterotoxin, a type of heat-stable toxin that causes vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.) |
Oxytetracycline |
Animal drug (tetracycline antibiotic) |
Oxolinic acid |
Animal drug (Synthetic antimicrobial (quinolone)) |
Carbaryl |
Pesticide (carbamate insecticide) |
Carbendazim |
Pesticide (benzimidazole fungicide) |
Quinoxyfen |
Pesticide (quinolone fungicide) |
Quinoline Yellow |
Unspecified additive |
Chloramphenicol |
Animal drug (chloramphenicol antibiotic) |
Chlorpyrifos |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Chlorpropham |
Pesticide (carbamate herbicide) |
Magnesium silicate |
Unspecified additive |
Diarrhetic shellfish poison |
Shellfish toxin (Clams accumulate biotoxins produced by plankton to excessive level, which causes poisoning) |
Term |
Description |
Cyclamic acid |
Unspecified additive |
Salmonella |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that is ubiquitous in the intestines of animals as well as in nature, such as rivers, sewage and lakes. It contaminates meat, mostly poultry and eggs, and causes acute abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever and vomiting) |
Iron sesquioxide |
Additive (color fixative) |
Cyanide compounds |
Toxic and harmful substances (cyanide-related compounds, such as cyanogenic glycoside, found in plants such as some varieties of beans) |
Diuron |
Pesticide (aniline herbicide) |
Dichlorvos |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Difenoconazole |
Pesticide (triazole fungicide) |
Cyfluthrin |
Pesticide (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Cypermethrin |
Pesticide (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Streptomycin |
Animal drug (aminoglycoside antibiotic ) |
Shigella |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that normally lives in the intestines of humans and animals and causes gastroenteritis.) |
Semicarbazide |
Metabolite of synthetic antimicrobial nitrofuran nitrofurazone |
Bacillus cereus |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that is ubiquitous in nature such as soil and produces a heat-stable toxin that causes vomiting and diarrhea.) |
Sorbic acid |
Additive (preservative) |
Dioxins |
Generic name for the group of three substances: polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), polychlorodibenzofuran (PCDF), and coplanar PCB |
Thiabendazole |
Pesticide/Animal drug (benzimidazole fungicide) |
Thiophanate |
Pesticide (benzimidazole fungicide) |
Thiophanate-metyl |
Pesticide (benzimidazole fungicide) |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium in seawater (at the river mouth, coastal areas, etc.) that commonly contaminates fish and shellfish, and causes abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, fever and vomiting.) |
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that normally lives in the intestines of animals. It contaminates foods and drinking water by way of feces and urine, and causes acute abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea together with large amounts of fresh blood after early cold-like symptoms.) |
Tetracycline |
Animal drug (tetracycline antibiotic) |
Tebuconazole |
Pesticide (triazole fungicide) |
Tebufenozide |
Pesticide (benzoyl hydrazide insecticide) |
Triadimenol |
Pesticide (triazole fungicide) |
Triazophos |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Sodium ethoxide |
Unspecified additive |
Term |
Description |
Sulfur dioxide |
Additive (antioxidant) |
Patulin |
Mycotoxin (produced by fungi such as Penicillium or Aspergillus) |
Para -hydroxybenzoic acid esters |
Additive (preservative) |
Parathion-methyl |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Haloxyfop |
Pesticide (organochlorine herbicide) |
Bitertanol |
Pesticide (triazole fungicide) |
Bifenthrin |
Pesticide (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Piperonyl butoxide |
Pesticide/Animal drug (heterocyclic synergists) |
Pirimiphos-methyl |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Pyrimethanil |
Pesticide (pyrimidine fungicide) |
Famoxadone |
Pesticide (heterocyclic fungicide) |
Fipronil |
Pesticide (heterocyclic insecticide) |
Fenitrothion |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Fenvalerate |
Pesticide (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Fenpropathrin |
Pesticide (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Buprofezine |
Pesticide (heterocyclic insecticide) |
Fluazifop |
Pesticide (phenoxy acid herbicide) |
Fluquinconazole |
Pesticide (triazole fungicide) |
Flusilazole |
Pesticide (heterocyclic fungicide) |
Propiconazole |
Pesticide (heterocyclic fungicide) |
Propham |
Pesticide (carbamate herbicide) |
Profenofos |
Pesticide (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Bromopropylate |
Pesticide (acaricide) |
Hexaconazole |
Pesticide (triazole fungicide) |
Benomyl |
Pesticide (carbamate herbicide) |
Permethrin |
Pesticide (pyrethroid insecticide) |
Phoxim |
Pesticide (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Clostridium botulinum |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacterium that is ubiquitous in the intestines of animals as well as in nature. It reproduces under anaerobic conditions, produces heat-resistant spores, and causes nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, exhaustion, constipation, and neurological symptoms.) |
Polysorbate |
Additive (emulsifying agent) |
Paralytic shellfish poison |
Shellfish poison (paralytic poison mainly caused by clams which accumulate poison produced by harmful plankton and which then become toxic) |
Malachite green |
Animal drug (triphenylmethane symthetic antibacterial agent) |
Malathion |
Pesticide (organophosphorus insecticide) |
Methamidofos |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Term |
Description |
Methyl isothiocyanate |
Pesticide (carbamate insecticide) |
Monocrotophos |
Pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) |
Listeria monocytogenes |
Pathogenic microorganism (A bacteria that is ubiquitous in the natural environment. It commonly contaminates dairy products and processed meat products, and causes flu-like symptoms with fatigue and fever.) |
Lufenuron |
Pesticide (benzoylphenyl urea insecticide) |
Rhodamine B |
Unspecified additive |
AHD |
Metabolite of nitrofurantoin, synthetic nitrofuran antimicrobial |
AMOZ |
Metabolite of furaltadone, synthetic nitrofuran antimicrobial |
AOZ |
Metabolite of furazolidone, synthetic nitrofuran antimicrobial |
BHC |
Pesticide (organochlorine insecticide) |
BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) |
A delayed and malignant disease of the central nervous system, which causes the brain tissue of cows to become sponge-like, and which presents such symptoms as ananastasia |
EPN |
Pesticide (organophosphorus insecticide) |
SEM |
Metabolite of nitrofurazone, synthetic nitrofuran antimicrobial |
TBHQ |
Unspecified additive |
2,4-D |
Pesticide (phenoxy acid herbicide) |